Exodus 10

1 Daarna zeide de HEERE tot Mozes: Ga in tot Farao; want Ik heb zijn hart verzwaard, ook het hart zijner knechten, opdat Ik deze Mijn tekenen in het midden van hen zette;

2 En opdat gij voor de oren uwer kinderen en uwer kindskinderen moogt vertellen, wat Ik in Egypte uitgericht heb, en Mijn tekenen, die Ik onder hen gesteld heb; opdat gijlieden weet, dat Ik de HEERE ben.

3 Zo gingen Mozes en Aaron tot Farao, en zeiden tot hem: Zo zegt de HEERE, de God der Hebreen: Hoe lang weigert gij u voor Mijn aangezicht te verootmoedigen? Laat Mijn volk trekken, dat zij Mij dienen.

4 Want indien gij weigert Mijn volk te laten trekken, zie, zo zal Ik morgen sprinkhanen in uw landpale brengen.

5 En zij zullen het gezicht des lands bedekken, alzo dat men de aarde niet zal kunnen zien; en zij zullen afeten het overige van hetgeen ontkomen is, hetgeen ulieden overgebleven was van den hagel; zij zullen ook al het geboomte afeten, dat ulieden uit het veld voortkomt.

6 En zij zullen vervullen uw huizen, en de huizen van al uw knechten, en de huizen van alle Egyptenaren; dewelke uw vaders, noch de vaderen uwer vaders gezien hebben, van dien dag af, dat zij op den aardbodem geweest zijn, tot op dezen dag. En hij keerde zich om, en ging uit van Farao.

7 En de knechten van Farao zeiden tot hem: Hoe lang zal ons deze tot een strik zijn, laat de mannen trekken, dat zij den HEERE hun God dienen! weet gij nog niet, dat Egypte verloren is?

8 Toen werden Mozes en Aaron weder tot Farao gebracht, en hij zeide tot hen: Gaat henen, dient den HEERE, uw God! wie en wie zijn zij, die gaan zullen?

9 En Mozes zeide: Wij zullen gaan met onze jonge en met onze oude lieden; met onze zonen en met onze dochteren, met onze schapen en met onze runderen zullen wij gaan; want wij hebben een feest des HEEREN.

10 Toen zeide hij tot hen: De HEERE zij alzo met ulieden, gelijk ik u en uw kleine kinderen zal trekken laten: ziet toe, want er is kwaad voor ulieder aangezicht!

11 Niet alzo gij, mannen, gaat nu heen, en dient den HEERE; want dat hebt gijlieden verzocht! En men dreef hen uit van Farao's aangezicht.

12 Toen zeide de HEERE tot Mozes: Strek uw hand uit over Egypteland, om de sprinkhanen, dat zij opkomen over Egypteland, en al het kruid des lands opeten, al wat de hagel heeft over gelaten.

13 Toen strekte Mozes zijn staf over Egypteland, en de HEERE bracht een oostenwind in dat land, dien gehele dag en dien gansen nacht; het geschiedde des morgens, dat de oostenwind de sprinkhanen opbracht.

14 En de sprinkhanen kwamen op over het ganse Egypteland, en lieten zich neder aan al de palen der Egyptenaren, zeer zwaar; voor dezen zijn dergelijke sprinkhanen, als deze, nooit geweest, en na dezen zullen er zulke niet wezen;

15 Want zij bedekten het gezicht des gansen lands, alzo dat het land verduisterd werd; en zij aten al het kruid des lands op, en al de vruchten der bomen, die de hagel had over gelaten; en er bleef niets groens aan de bomen, noch aan de kruiden des velds, in het ganse Egypteland.

16 Toen haastte Farao, om Mozes en Aaron te roepen, en zeide: Ik heb gezondigd tegen den HEERE, uw God, en tegen ulieden.

17 En nu vergeeft mij toch mijn zonde alleen ditmaal, en bidt vuriglijk tot den HEERE, uw God, dat Hij slechts dezen dood van mij wegneme.

18 En hij ging uit van Farao, en bad vuriglijk tot den HEERE.

19 Toen keerde de HEERE een zeer sterken westenwind, die hief de sprinkhanen op, en wierp ze in de Schelfzee; er bleef niet een sprinkhaan over in al de landpalen van Egypte.

20 Doch de HEERE verstokte Farao's hart, dat hij de kinderen Israels niet liet trekken.

21 Toen zeide de HEERE tot Mozes: Strek uw hand uit naar den hemel, en er zal duisternis komen over Egypteland, dat men de duisternis tasten zal.

22 Als Mozes zijn hand uitstrekte naar den hemel, werd er een dikke duisternis in het ganse Egypteland, drie dagen.

23 Zij zagen de een de ander niet; er stond ook niemand op van zijn plaats, in drie dagen; maar bij al de kinderen Israels was het licht in hun woningen.

24 Toen riep Farao Mozes, en zeide: Gaat heen, dient den HEERE! alleen uw schapen en uw runderen zullen vast blijven; ook zullen uw kinderkens met u gaan.

25 Doch Mozes zeide: Ook zult gij slachtofferen en brandofferen in onze handen geven, die wij den HEERE, onzen God, doen mogen;

26 En ons vee zal ook met ons gaan, er zal niet een klauw achterblijven; want van hetzelve zullen wij nemen, om den HEERE, onzen God, te dienen; want wij weten niet, waarmede wij den HEERE, onzen God, dienen zullen, totdat wij daar komen.

27 Doch de HEERE verhardde Farao's hart; en hij wilde hen niet laten trekken.

28 Maar Farao zeide tot hem: Ga van mij! wacht u, dat gij niet meer mijn aangezicht ziet; want op welken dag gij mijn aangezicht zult zien, zult gij sterven!

29 Mozes nu zeide: Gij hebt recht gesproken; ik zal niet meer uw aangezicht zien!

Exodus 10 Commentary

Chapter 10

The plague of locusts threatened, Pharaoh, moved by his servants, inclines to let the Israelites go. (1-11) The plague of locusts. (12-20) The plague of thick darkness. (21-29)

Verses 1-11 The plagues of Egypt show the sinfulness of sin. They warn the children of men not to strive with their Maker. Pharaoh had pretended to humble himself; but no account was made of it, for he was not sincere therein. The plague of locusts is threatened. This should be much worse than any of that kind which had ever been known. Pharaoh's attendants persuade him to come to terms with Moses. Hereupon Pharaoh will allow the men to go, falsely pretending that this was all they desired. He swears that they shall not remove their little ones. Satan does all he can to hinder those that serve God themselves, from bringing their children to serve him. He is a sworn enemy to early piety. Whatever would put us from engaging our children in God's service, we have reason to suspect Satan in it. Nor should the young forget that the Lord's counsel is, Remember thy Creator in the days of thy youth; but Satan's counsel is, to keep children in a state of slavery to sin and to the world. Mark that the great foe of man wishes to retain him by the ties of affection, as Pharaoh would have taken hostages from the Israelites for their return, by holding their wives and children in captivity. Satan is willing to share our duty and our service with the Saviour, because the Saviour will not accept those terms.

Verses 12-20 God bids Moses stretch out his hand; locusts came at the call. An army might more easily have been resisted than this host of insects. Who then is able to stand before the great God? They covered the face of the earth, and ate up the fruit of it. Herbs grow for the service of man; yet when God pleases, insects shall plunder him, and eat the bread out of his mouth. Let our labour be, not for the habitation and meat thus exposed, but for those which endure to eternal life. Pharaoh employs Moses and Aaron to pray for him. There are those, who, in distress, seek the help of other people's prayers, but have no mind to pray for themselves. They show thereby that they have no true love to God, nor any delight in communion with him. Pharaoh desires only that this death might be taken away, not this sin. He wishes to get rid of the plague of locusts, not the plague of a hard heart, which was more dangerous. An east wind brought the locusts, a west wind carries them off. Whatever point the wind is in, it is fulfilling God's word, and turns by his counsel. The wind bloweth where it listeth, as to us; but not so as it respects God. It was also an argument for their repentance; for by this it appeared that God is ready to forgive, and swift to show mercy. If he does this upon the outward tokens of humiliation, what will he do if we are sincere! Oh that this goodness of God might lead us to repentance! Pharaoh returned to his resolution again, not to let the people go. Those who have often baffled their convictions, are justly given up to the lusts of their hearts.

Verses 21-29 The plague of darkness brought upon Egypt was a dreadful plague. It was darkness which might be felt, so thick were the fogs. It astonished and terrified. It continued three days; six nights in one; so long the most lightsome palaces were dungeons. Now Pharaoh had time to consider, if he would have improved it. Spiritual darkness is spiritual bondage; while Satan blinds men's eyes that they see not, he binds their hands and feet, that they work not for God, nor move toward heaven. They sit in darkness. It was righteous with God thus to punish. The blindness of their minds brought upon them this darkness of the air; never was mind so blinded as Pharaoh's, never was air so darkened as Egypt. Let us dread the consequences of sin; if three days of darkness were so dreadful, what will everlasting darkness be? The children of Israel, at the same time, had light in their dwellings. We must not think we share in common mercies as a matter of course, and therefore that we owe no thanks to God for them. It shows the particular favour he bears to his people. Wherever there is an Israelite indeed, though in this dark world, there is light, there is a child of light. When God made this difference between the Israelites and the Egyptians, who would not have preferred the poor cottage of an Israelite to the fine palace of an Egyptian? There is a real difference between the house of the wicked, which is under a curse, and the habitation of the just, which is blessed. Pharaoh renewed the treaty with Moses and Aaron, and consented they should take their little ones, but would have their cattle left. It is common for sinners to bargain with God Almighty; thus they try to mock him, but they deceive themselves. The terms of reconciliation with God are so fixed, that though men dispute them ever so long, they cannot possibly alter them, or bring them lower. We must come to the demand of God's will; we cannot expect he should condescend to the terms our lusts would make. With ourselves and our children, we must devote all our worldly possessions to the service of God; we know not what use he will make of any part of what we have. Pharaoh broke off the conference abruptly, and resolved to treat no more. Had he forgotten how often he had sent for Moses to ease him of his plagues? and must he now be bid to come no more? Vain malice! to threaten him with death, who was armed with such power! What will not hardness of heart, and contempt of God's word and commandments, bring men to! After this, Moses came no more till he was sent for. When men drive God's word from them, he justly gives them up to their own delusions.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 10

This chapter is introduced with giving the reasons why the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh, Ex 10:1,2. Moses and Aaron go in to him, and once more demanded in the name of the Lord the dismission of the people of Israel, and in case of refusal, threatened him with locusts being sent into his country, which should make terrible havoc in all his coasts, Ex 10:3-6, the servants of Pharaoh entreat him to let them go, upon which Moses and Aaron are brought in again, and treated with about the terms of their departure; but they, insisting upon taking all with them, men, women, and children, and flocks and herds, and Pharaoh not willing that any but men should go, they are drove from his presence in wrath, Ex 10:7-11 wherefore the locusts were brought on all the land, which made sad devastation in it, Ex 10:12-15, and this wrought on Pharaoh so far as to acknowledge his sin, pray for forgiveness, and to desire Moses and Aaron to entreat the Lord to remove the plague, which they did, and it was removed accordingly, but still Pharaoh's heart was hardened, Ex 10:16-20 then followed the plague of thick darkness over all the land for three days, which brought Pharaoh to yield that all should go with them excepting their flocks and herds; but Moses not only insisted that not a hoof should be left behind, but that Pharaoh should give them sacrifices and burnt offerings, Ex 10:21-26. Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he refused to comply, and Moses was bid to be gone, and take care never to see his face any more, and which Moses agreed to, Ex 10:27-29.