1 Reyes 1

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1 El rey David era ya viejo, entrado en d铆as, y lo cubr铆an de ropas pero no entraba en calor.
2 Entonces sus siervos le dijeron: Que se busque para mi se帽or el rey una doncella para que atienda al rey y sea quien lo cuide; que ella se acueste en tu seno y entrar谩 en calor mi se帽or el rey.
3 Se busc贸 a una joven hermosa por toda la tierra de Israel, y hallaron a Abisag sunamita y la trajeron al rey.
4 La joven era muy hermosa; ella cuidaba al rey y le serv铆a, pero el rey no la conoci贸.
5 Entretanto Adon铆as, hijo de Haguit, se ensalzaba diciendo: Yo ser茅 rey. Y prepar贸 para s铆 carros y hombres de a caballo y cincuenta hombres que corrieran delante de 茅l.
6 Su padre nunca lo hab铆a contrariado pregunt谩ndole: 驴Por qu茅 has hecho esto? Era tambi茅n hombre de muy hermoso parecer, y hab铆a nacido despu茅s de Absal贸n.
7 Y hab铆a consultado con Joab, hijo de Sarvia, y con el sacerdote Abiatar, que respaldaban a Adon铆as.
8 Pero el sacerdote Sadoc, Bena铆a, hijo de Joiada, el profeta Nat谩n, Simei, Rei y los valientes que ten铆a David, no estaban con Adon铆as.
9 Y Adon铆as sacrific贸 ovejas, bueyes y animales cebados junto a la piedra de Zoh茅let [a] , que est谩 al lado de En-rogel; e invit贸 a todos sus hermanos, los hijos del rey, y a todos los hombres de Jud谩, siervos del rey.
10 Pero no invit贸 al profeta Nat谩n, ni a Bena铆a, ni a los valientes, ni a Salom贸n su hermano.
11 Entonces Nat谩n habl贸 a Betsab茅, madre de Salom贸n, diciendo: 驴No has o铆do que Adon铆as, hijo de Haguit, se ha hecho rey y que David nuestro se帽or no lo sabe?
12 Ahora pues, ven, voy a darte un consejo para que salves tu vida y la vida de tu hijo Salom贸n.
13 Ve ahora mismo al rey David y dile: "驴No has jurado t煤, oh rey mi se帽or, a tu sierva, diciendo: 'Ciertamente tu hijo Salom贸n ser谩 rey despu茅s de m铆 y se sentar谩 en mi trono'? 驴Por qu茅, pues, se ha hecho rey Adon铆as?"
14 He aqu铆, mientras est茅s a煤n hablando con el rey, yo entrar茅 tras de ti y confirmar茅 tus palabras.
15 Y Betsab茅 vino a ver al rey en la alcoba. El rey era muy anciano, y Abisag sunamita le serv铆a.
16 Entonces Betsab茅 se inclin贸 y se postr贸 ante el rey. Y el rey dijo: 驴Qu茅 deseas?
17 Ella le respondi贸: Mi se帽or, t煤 juraste a tu sierva por el SE脩OR tu Dios, diciendo: "Ciertamente tu hijo Salom贸n ser谩 rey despu茅s de m铆 y se sentar谩 en mi trono."
18 Y he aqu铆, ahora Adon铆as es rey; y t煤, mi se帽or el rey, hasta ahora no lo sabes.
19 El ha sacrificado bueyes, animales cebados y ovejas en abundancia, y ha invitado a todos los hijos del rey, al sacerdote Abiatar y a Joab, jefe del ej茅rcito, pero no ha invitado a Salom贸n tu siervo.
20 Y en cuanto a ti, mi se帽or el rey, los ojos de todo Israel est谩n sobre ti, para que les hagas saber qui茅n ha de sentarse en el trono de mi se帽or el rey despu茅s de 茅l.
21 Pues suceder谩 que en cuanto mi se帽or el rey duerma con sus padres, yo y mi hijo Salom贸n seremos tenidos por culpables.
22 Y he aqu铆 que mientras ella estaba a煤n hablando con el rey, entr贸 el profeta Nat谩n.
23 E informaron al rey, diciendo: Aqu铆 est谩 el profeta Nat谩n. Cuando 茅ste entr贸 a la presencia del rey, se postr贸 ante el rey rostro en tierra.
24 Entonces Nat谩n dijo: Mi se帽or el rey, 驴has dicho t煤: "Adon铆as ser谩 rey despu茅s de m铆 y se sentar谩 en mi trono"?
25 Porque 茅l ha descendido hoy y ha sacrificado bueyes, animales cebados y ovejas en abundancia, ha invitado a todos los hijos del rey, a los jefes del ej茅rcito y al sacerdote Abiatar, y he aqu铆, est谩n comiendo y bebiendo en su presencia, y gritan: "隆Viva el rey Adon铆as!"
26 Pero ni a m铆, tu siervo, ni al sacerdote Sadoc, ni a Bena铆a, hijo de Joiada, ni a tu siervo Salom贸n ha invitado.
27 驴Ha sido hecho esto por mi se帽or el rey, y no has declarado a tus siervos qui茅n hab铆a de sentarse en el trono de mi se帽or el rey despu茅s de 茅l?
28 Entonces el rey David respondi贸 y dijo: Llamadme a Betsab茅. Y ella entr贸 a la presencia del rey, y se puso delante del rey.
29 Y el rey jur贸, diciendo: Vive el SE脩OR, que ha redimido mi vida de toda angustia,
30 que ciertamente como te jur茅 por el SE脩OR, Dios de Israel, diciendo: "Tu hijo Salom贸n ser谩 rey despu茅s de m铆, y 茅l se sentar谩 sobre mi trono en mi lugar", as铆 lo har茅 hoy mismo.
31 Betsab茅 se inclin贸 rostro en tierra, se postr贸 ante el rey y dijo: Viva para siempre mi se帽or el rey David.
32 Entonces el rey David dijo: Llamadme al sacerdote Sadoc, al profeta Nat谩n y a Bena铆a, hijo de Joiada. Ellos entraron a la presencia del rey,
33 y el rey les dijo: Tomad con vosotros los siervos de vuestro se帽or, haced montar a mi hijo Salom贸n en mi propia mula y bajadle a Gih贸n.
34 Que all铆 el sacerdote Sadoc y el profeta Nat谩n lo unjan como rey sobre Israel; y tocad trompeta y decid: "隆Viva el rey Salom贸n!"
35 Despu茅s subir茅is tras 茅l, y 茅l vendr谩, se sentar谩 en mi trono y reinar谩 en mi lugar; porque le he escogido para que sea pr铆ncipe sobre Israel y sobre Jud谩.
36 Y Bena铆a, hijo de Joiada, respondi贸 al rey y dijo: 隆Am茅n! As铆 lo diga tambi茅n el SE脩OR, el Dios de mi se帽or el rey.
37 Como el SE脩OR ha estado con mi se帽or el rey, as铆 est茅 con Salom贸n, y haga su trono m谩s grande que el trono de mi se帽or el rey David.
38 Entonces el sacerdote Sadoc, el profeta Nat谩n, Bena铆a, hijo de Joiada, los cereteos y los peleteos, descendieron e hicieron que Salom贸n montara en la mula del rey David, y lo llevaron a Gih贸n.
39 El sacerdote Sadoc tom贸 el cuerno de aceite de la tienda y ungi贸 a Salom贸n. Entonces tocaron trompeta, y todo el pueblo grit贸: 隆Viva el rey Salom贸n!
40 Luego todo el pueblo subi贸 tras 茅l; y el pueblo tocaba flautas y se regocijaba con gran alegr铆a, de modo que la tierra se estremec铆a con su sonido.
41 Y lo oy贸 Adon铆as y todos los invitados que estaban con 茅l cuando hab铆an terminado de comer. Al o铆r Joab el sonido de la trompeta, dijo: 驴Por qu茅 hace la ciudad tal alboroto?
42 Estaba a煤n hablando, cuando he aqu铆, lleg贸 Jonat谩n, hijo del sacerdote Abiatar. Y Adon铆as le dijo: Entra, pues t煤 eres hombre valiente y traer谩s buenas noticias.
43 Pero Jonat谩n respondi贸 y dijo a Adon铆as: Al contrario. Nuestro se帽or el rey David ha hecho rey a Salom贸n.
44 El rey tambi茅n ha enviado con 茅l al sacerdote Sadoc, al profeta Nat谩n, a Bena铆a, hijo de Joiada, a los cereteos y a los peleteos, y ellos lo han montado en la mula del rey.
45 Y el sacerdote Sadoc y el profeta Nat谩n lo han ungido rey en Gih贸n, y de all铆 han subido gozosos y se ha alborotado la ciudad. Este es el ruido que hab茅is o铆do.
46 Adem谩s, Salom贸n ya se ha sentado en el trono del reino,
47 y aun los siervos del rey han ido a bendecir a nuestro se帽or el rey David, diciendo: "Que tu Dios haga el nombre de Salom贸n m谩s c茅lebre que tu nombre y su trono m谩s grande que tu trono." Y el rey ha adorado en el lecho.
48 El rey tambi茅n ha dicho as铆: Bendito sea el SE脩OR, Dios de Israel, que ha concedido que se siente hoy en mi trono un descendiente m铆o [b] mientras mis ojos lo ven.
49 Entonces todos los invitados de Adon铆as se aterrorizaron, y se levantaron y cada uno se fue por su camino.
50 Adon铆as tuvo miedo de Salom贸n, y se levant贸, se fue y se asi贸 de los cuernos del altar.
51 Y avisaron a Salom贸n, dici茅ndole: He aqu铆, Adon铆as tiene miedo del rey Salom贸n, y se ha asido de los cuernos del altar, diciendo: "Que el rey Salom贸n me jure hoy que no matar谩 a espada a su siervo."
52 Y Salom贸n dijo: Si es hombre digno, ni uno de sus cabellos caer谩 en tierra; pero si se halla maldad en 茅l, morir谩.
53 Entonces el rey Salom贸n envi贸 que lo hicieran descender del altar. Y 茅l vino y se postr贸 ante el rey Salom贸n, y Salom贸n le dijo: Vete a tu casa.

1 Reyes 1 Commentary

Chapter 1

The history now before us accounts for the affairs of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel, yet with special regard to the kingdom of God among them; for it is a sacred history. It is earlier as to time, teaches much more, and is more interesting than any common histories.

David's declining age. (1-4) Adonijah aspires to the throne. (5-10) David makes Solomon king. (11-31) Solomon is anointed king, and Adonijah's usurpation stopped. (32-53)

Verses 1-4 We have David sinking under infirmities. He was chastised for his recent sins, and felt the effects of his former toils and hardships.

Verses 5-10 Indulgent parents are often chastised with disobedient children, who are anxious to possess their estates. No worldly wisdom, nor experience, nor sacredness of character, can insure the continuance in any former course of those who remain under the power of self-love. But we may well wonder by what arts Joab and Abiathar could be drawn aside.

Verses 11-31 Observe Nathan's address to Bathsheba. Let me give thee counsel how to save thy own life, and the life of thy son. Such as this is the counsel Christ's ministers give us in his name, to give all diligence, not only that no man take our crown, Re. 3:11 , but that we save our lives, even the lives of our souls. David made a solemn declaration of his firm cleaving to his former resolution, that Solomon should be his successor. Even the recollection of the distresses from which the Lord redeemed him, increased his comfort, inspired his hopes, and animated him to his duty, under the decays of nature and the approach of death.

Verses 32-53 The people expressed great joy and satisfaction in the elevation of Solomon. Every true Israelite rejoices in the exaltation of the Son of David. Combinations formed upon evil principles will soon be dissolved, when self-interest calls another way. How can those who do evil deeds expect to have good tidings? Adonijah had despised Solomon, but soon dreaded him. We see here, as in a glass, Jesus, the Son of David and the Son of God, exalted to the throne of glory, notwithstanding all his enemies. His kingdom is far greater than that of his father David, and therein all the true people of God cordially rejoice. The prosperity of his cause is vexation and terror to his enemies. No horns of the altar, nor forms of godliness, nor pretences to religion, can profit those who will not submit to His authority, and accept of his salvation; and if their submission be hypocritical, they shall perish without remedy.

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1 Reyes 1 Commentaries

Footnotes 2

  • [a] I.e., piedra de la serpiente
  • [b] As en la versin gr. (Sept.); el T.M. omite: un descendiente mo

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST KINGS

This, and the following book, properly are but one book, divided into two parts, and went with the Jews under the common name of Kings. This, in the Syriac version, is called the Book of Kings; and in the Arabic version, the Book of Solomon, the Son of David the Prophet, because it begins with his reign upon the death of his father; and, in the Vulgate Latin version, the Third Book of Kings, the two preceding books of Samuel being sometimes called the First and Second Books of Kings, they containing the reigns of Saul and David; and in the Septuagint version both this and the following book are called Kingdoms, because they treat of the kingdom of Israel and Judah, after the division in the times of Rehoboam, son of Solomon, and of the several kings of them; as of Solomon before the division, so afterwards of the kings of Judah; Rehoboam, Abijam, Asa, Jehoshaphat, Jehoram, Ahaziah, Jehoash, Amaziah, Uzziah or Azariah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, Manasseh, Amon, Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah; and of the kings of Israel, Jeroboam, Nadab, Baasha, Elah, Zimri, Omri, Ahab, Ahaziah, Jehu, Jehoahaz, Jehoash, Jeroboam the son of Joash, Zachariah, Shallum, Menahem, Pekahiah, Pekah, and Hoshea; so that these books may, with great propriety, be called the books or histories of the kings in the two kingdoms of Judah and Israel: who they were written by, is not easy to say; some think they were written by piecemeal by the prophets that lived in the several reigns successively, as Nathan, Ahijah the Shilonite, Iddo, Isaiah, and Jeremiah, and afterwards put together by an inspired writer. The Jews commonly say {a}, that Jeremiah wrote the book of the Kings, by which they mean this, and the following book; though very probably they were written by Ezra, since the history in them is carried down to the liberty granted to Jehoiachin in Babylon; but that Ezra was the writer of all the preceding historical books, and even of the Pentateuch, cannot be admitted, which is the conceit of Spinosa {b}; part of whose tract is just now republished by somebody, word for word, under a title as in the margin {c}; but that Ezra was not the writer of the Pentateuch is clear, since he refers to it as written by Moses, and as the rule of religion and worship in his times, Ezr 3:2-4, 6:18; and it is certain these writings were in being in the times of Josiah, Amaziah, Joash, yea, of David, and even of Joshua, \2Ch 34:14 25:4 23:18 1Ki 2:3 Jos 8:34\; and as for the book of Joshua, that also was written long before Ezra's time; it must be written long before the times of David, before the Jebusites were expelled from Jerusalem, since the writer of it says, that they dwelt there in his days, Jos 15:63; the book of Judges must be written before the times of Samuel and David, since the former refers to the annals of it, 1Sa 12:9,10; and the latter alludes to some passages in it, Ps 68:7,8; see Jud 5:4,5; and a speech of Joab's, 2Sa 11:21, shows it to be an history then extant: to which may be added, that in it Jerusalem is called Jebus, Jud 19:10,11; which it never was, after it was taken by David out of the hands of the Jebusites, 2Sa 5:6; the book of Ruth very probably was written by Samuel; had it been of a later date, or written by Ezra, the genealogy with which it concludes, would doubtless have been carried further than to David: the Book of Samuel, and particularly the song of Hannah in it, were written in all probability before the penning of the hundred thirteenth psalm, Ps 113:1-9, in which some expressions seem to be taken from it wherefore, though the two books of Kings may be allowed to be written or compiled by Ezra, the ten preceding ones cannot be assigned to him: however, there is no room to doubt of the divine authority of these two books, when the honour our Lord has done them is observed, by quoting or referring to several histories in them; as to the account of the queen of Sheba coming to hear the wisdom of Solomon; of the famine in the times of Elijah; and of that prophet being sent to the widow of Sarepta, and of the cleansing of Naaman the Syrian in the times of Elisha, Mt 12:42, Lu 4:25-28 from 1Ki 17:1-10 2Ki 5:10-14; to which may be added, the quotations and references made by the apostles to passages in them, as by the Apostle Paul in Ro 11:2-4 from 1Ki 19:14,18; where this book is expressly called the Scripture; and by the Apostle James, Jas 5:17,18; who manifestly refers to 1Ki 17:1-24; and there are various things in this part of Scripture, which are confirmed by the testimonies of Heathen writers, as will be observed in the exposition of it. The use of these books is to carry on the history of the Jewish nation, to show the state of the church of God in those times, and his providential care of it amidst all the changes and vicissitudes in the state; and, above all, to transmit to us the true genealogy of the Messiah, which serves to confirm the Evangelist Matthew's account of it.

{a} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 15. 1. {b} Tractat. Theolog. Politic. c. 8. & 9. p. 150 {c} Tractatus de Primis 12. Vet. Test. Lib. &c. Londini 1763.

\\INTRODUCTION TO FIRST KINGS 1\\

This chapter gives an account of the infirmities of David in his old age, and the method used to relieve him under them, 1Ki 1:1-4; of the preparation his son Adonijah made to usurp the throne, 1Ki 1:5-10; of Bathsheba's address to the king upon it, in favour of her son Solomon, on which she was put by, Nathan the prophet, and seconded in it by him, 1Ki 1:11-27; when the king with an oath confirmed the succession of Solomon in the kingdom, and ordered Nathan the prophet, and Zadok the priest, to anoint him, which was accordingly done with great ceremony, to the satisfaction of the king and his servants, 1Ki 1:28-40; the news of which being brought to Adonijah and his friends, struck them with terror, and on which they dispersed, 1Ki 1:41-50; and upon the promise of Adonijah, that he would behave well to Solomon, he was pardoned and dismissed, having fled and lain hold on the horns of the altar, 1Ki 1:51-53.

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