1 Samuel 25

Listen to 1 Samuel 25
1 Muri贸 Samuel, y se reuni贸 todo Israel y lo lloraron, y lo sepultaron en su casa en Ram谩. Despu茅s David se levant贸 y descendi贸 al desierto de Par谩n.
2 Y hab铆a un hombre en Ma贸n que ten铆a sus bienes en Carmel; el hombre era muy rico y ten铆a tres mil ovejas y mil cabras; y estaba en Carmel trasquilando sus ovejas.
3 El hombre se llamaba Nabal, y su mujer se llamaba Abigail. Y la mujer era inteligente y de hermosa apariencia, pero el hombre era 谩spero y malo en sus tratos, y era calebita.
4 Y oy贸 David en el desierto que Nabal estaba trasquilando sus ovejas.
5 Entonces David envi贸 diez j贸venes, y les dijo: Subid a Carmel, visitad a Nabal y saludadle en mi nombre;
6 y le dir茅is as铆: "Ten una larga vida, paz para ti, paz para tu casa y paz para todo lo que tienes.
7 "He o铆do que tienes esquiladores; ahora bien, tus pastores han estado con nosotros, y no los hemos maltratado, ni les ha faltado nada todos los d铆as que estuvieron en Carmel.
8 "Pregunta a tus mozos, y ellos te lo dir谩n. Por tanto, permite que mis mozos hallen gracia ante tus ojos, porque hemos llegado en un d铆a de fiesta. Te ruego que de lo que tengas a mano, des a tus siervos y a tu hijo David."
9 Cuando llegaron los j贸venes de David, dijeron a Nabal todas estas palabras en nombre de David; entonces esperaron.
10 Pero Nabal respondi贸 a los siervos de David, y dijo: 驴Qui茅n es David y qui茅n es el hijo de Isa铆? Hay muchos siervos hoy d铆a que huyen de su se帽or.
11 驴He de tomar mi pan, mi agua y la carne que he preparado para mis esquiladores, y he de d谩rselos a hombres cuyo origen no conozco?
12 Entonces los j贸venes de David se volvieron por su camino, y regresaron; y llegaron y le comunicaron todas estas palabras.
13 Y David dijo a sus hombres: C铆帽ase cada uno su espada. Y cada hombre se ci帽贸 su espada. David tambi茅n se ci帽贸 su espada, y unos cuatrocientos hombres subieron tras David, mientras que doscientos se quedaron con el bagaje.
14 Mas uno de los mozos avis贸 a Abigail, mujer de Nabal, diciendo: He aqu铆, David envi贸 mensajeros desde el desierto a saludar a nuestro se帽or, y 茅l los desde帽贸.
15 Sin embargo, los hombres fueron muy buenos con nosotros; no nos maltrataron ni nos falt贸 nada cuando and谩bamos con ellos, mientras est谩bamos en el campo.
16 Como muro fueron para nosotros tanto de noche como de d铆a, todo el tiempo que estuvimos con ellos apacentando las ovejas.
17 Ahora pues, reflexiona y mira lo que has de hacer, porque el mal ya est谩 determinado contra nuestro se帽or y contra toda su casa, y 茅l es un hombre tan indigno que nadie puede hablarle.
18 Entonces Abigail se dio prisa y tom贸 doscientos panes, dos odres de vino, cinco ovejas ya preparadas, cinco medidas de grano tostado, cien racimos de uvas pasas, y doscientas tortas de higos, y los puso sobre asnos.
19 Y dijo a sus mozos: Id delante de m铆; he aqu铆, yo os seguir茅. Pero nada dijo a su marido Nabal.
20 Y sucedi贸 que cuando ella cabalgaba en su asno y descend铆a por la parte encubierta del monte, he aqu铆 que David y sus hombres ven铆an bajando hacia ella, y se encontr贸 con ellos.
21 Y David hab铆a dicho: Ciertamente, en vano he guardado todo lo que este hombre tiene en el desierto, de modo que nada se perdi贸 de todo lo suyo; y 茅l me ha devuelto mal por bien.
22 As铆 haga Dios a los enemigos de David, y aun m谩s, si al llegar la ma帽ana he dejado tan s贸lo un var贸n de los suyos.
23 Cuando Abigail vio a David se dio prisa y baj贸 de su asno, y cayendo sobre su rostro delante de David, se postr贸 en tierra.
24 Y se ech贸 a sus pies y dijo: Se帽or m铆o, s贸lo sobre m铆 sea la culpa. Te ruego que permitas que tu sierva te hable, y que escuches las palabras de tu sierva.
25 Ruego a mi se帽or que no haga caso a este hombre indigno, Nabal, porque conforme a su nombre, as铆 es. Se llama Nabal, y la insensatez est谩 con 茅l; mas yo tu sierva no vi a los j贸venes que t煤, mi se帽or, enviaste.
26 Ahora pues, se帽or m铆o, vive el SE脩OR y vive tu alma; puesto que el SE脩OR te ha impedido derramar sangre y vengarte por tu propia mano, sean pues como Nabal tus enemigos y los que buscan el mal contra mi se帽or.
27 Y ahora permite que este presente que tu sierva ha tra铆do para mi se帽or se d茅 a los j贸venes que acompa帽an a mi se帽or.
28 Te ruego que perdones la ofensa de tu sierva, porque el SE脩OR ciertamente establecer谩 una casa duradera para mi se帽or, pues mi se帽or pelea las batallas del SE脩OR, y el mal no se hallar谩 en ti en todos tus d铆as.
29 Y si alguno se levanta para perseguirte y buscar tu vida, entonces la vida de mi se帽or ser谩 ligada en el haz de los que viven con el SE脩OR tu Dios; pero El lanzar谩 la vida de tus enemigos como de en medio de una honda.
30 Y suceder谩 que cuando el SE脩OR haga por mi se帽or conforme a todo el bien que El ha hablado de ti, y te ponga por pr铆ncipe sobre Israel,
31 esto no causar谩 pesar ni remordimiento a mi se帽or, tanto por haber derramado sangre sin causa como por haberse vengado mi se帽or. Cuando el SE脩OR haya hecho bien a mi se帽or, entonces acu茅rdate de tu sierva.
32 Entonces David dijo a Abigail: Bendito sea el SE脩OR, Dios de Israel, que te envi贸 hoy a encontrarme,
33 bendito sea tu razonamiento, y bendita seas t煤, que me has impedido hoy derramar sangre y vengarme por mi propia mano.
34 Sin embargo, vive el SE脩OR, Dios de Israel, que me ha impedido hacerte mal, que si t煤 no hubieras venido pronto a encontrarme, ciertamente, para la luz del alba, no le hubiera quedado a Nabal ni un var贸n.
35 Recibi贸 David de su mano lo que ella hab铆a tra铆do y le dijo: Sube en paz a tu casa. Mira, te he escuchado y te he concedido tu petici贸n.
36 Entonces Abigail regres贸 a Nabal, y he aqu铆, 茅l ten铆a un banquete en su casa, como el banquete de un rey. Y el coraz贸n de Nabal estaba alegre, pues estaba muy ebrio, por lo cual ella no le comunic贸 nada hasta el amanecer.
37 Pero sucedi贸 que por la ma帽ana, cuando se le pas贸 el vino a Nabal, su mujer le cont贸 estas cosas, y su coraz贸n se qued贸 como muerto dentro de 茅l, y se puso como una piedra.
38 Y unos diez d铆as despu茅s, sucedi贸 que el SE脩OR hiri贸 a Nabal, y muri贸.
39 Cuando David supo que Nabal hab铆a muerto, dijo: Bendito sea el SE脩OR, que ha defendido la causa de mi afrenta de manos de Nabal, y ha preservado a su siervo del mal. El SE脩OR tambi茅n ha devuelto la maldad de Nabal sobre su propia cabeza. Entonces David envi贸 a hablar con Abigail, para tomarla para s铆 por mujer.
40 Y los siervos de David fueron a casa de Abigail en Carmel, y le hablaron diciendo: David nos ha enviado a ti, para tomarte para s铆 por mujer.
41 Y ella se levant贸 y postr谩ndose rostro en tierra, dijo: He aqu铆, vuestra sierva es una criada para lavar los pies de los siervos de mi se帽or.
42 Abigail se levant贸 apresuradamente, mont贸 en un asno, y con sus cinco doncellas que la atend铆an sigui贸 a los mensajeros de David, y fue su mujer.
43 David hab铆a tomado tambi茅n a Ahinoam de Jezreel, y ambas fueron mujeres suyas.
44 Pues Sa煤l hab铆a dado a su hija Mical, mujer de David, a Palti, hijo de Lais, que era de Galim.

1 Samuel 25 Commentary

Chapter 25

Death of Samuel. (1) David's request; Nabal's churlish refusal. (2-11) David's intention to destroy Nabal. (12-17) Abigail takes a present to David. (18-31) He is pacified, Nabal dies. (32-39) David takes Abigail to wife. (39-44)

Verse 1 All Israel lamented Samuel, and they had reason. He prayed daily for them. Those have hard hearts, who can bury faithful ministers without grief; who do not feel their loss of those who have prayed for them, and taught them the way of the Lord.

Verses 2-11 We should not have heard of Nabal, if nothing had passed between him and David. Observe his name, Nabal, "A fool;" so it signifies. Riches make men look great in the eye of the world; but to one that takes right views, Nabal looked very mean. He had no honour or honesty; he was churlish, cross, and ill-humoured; evil in his doings, hard and oppressive; a man that cared not what fraud and violence he used in getting and saving. What little reason have we to value the wealth of this world, when so great a churl as Nabal abounds, and so good a man as David suffers want!, David pleaded the kindness Nabal's shepherds had received. Considering that David's men were in distress and debt, and discontented, and the scarcity of provisions, it was by good management that they were kept from plundering. Nabal went into a passion, as covetous men are apt to do, when asked for any thing, thinking thus to cover one sin with another; and, by abusing the poor, to excuse themselves from relieving them. But God will not thus be mocked. Let this help us to bear reproaches and misrepresentations with patience and cheerfulness, and make us easy under them; it has often been the lot of the excellent ones of the earth. Nabal insists much on the property he had in the provisions of his table. May he not do what he will with his own? We mistake, if we think we are absolute lords of what we have, and may do what we please with it. No; we are but stewards, and must use it as we are directed, remembering it is not our own, but His who intrusted us with it.

Verses 12-17 God is kind to the evil and unthankful, and why may not we be so? David determined to destroy Nabal, and all that belonged to him. Is this thy voice, O David? Has he been so long in the school of affliction, where he should have learned patience, and yet is so passionate? He at other times was calm and considerate, but is put into such a heat by a few hard words, that he seeks to destroy a whole family. What are the best of men, when God leaves them to themselves, that they may know what is in their hearts? What need to pray, Lord, lead us not into temptation!

Verses 18-31 By a present Abigail atoned for Nabal's denial of David's request. Her behaviour was very submissive. Yielding pacifies great offences. She puts herself in the place of a penitent, and of a petitioner. She could not excuse her husband's conduct. She depends not upon her own reasonings, but on God's grace, to soften David, and expects that grace would work powerfully. She says that it was below him to take vengeance on so weak and despicable an enemy as Nabal, who, as he would do him no kindness, so he could do him no hurt. She foretells the glorious end of David's present troubles. God will preserve thy life; therefore it becomes not thee unjustly and unnecessarily to take away the lives of any, especially of the people of thy God and Saviour. Abigail keeps this argument for the last, as very powerful with so good a man; that the less he indulged his passion, the more he consulted his peace and the repose of his own conscience. Many have done that in a heat, which they have a thousand times wished undone again. The sweetness of revenge is soon turned into bitterness. When tempted to sin, we should consider how it will appear when we think upon it afterwards.

Verses 32-39 David gives God thanks for sending him this happy check in a sinful way. Whoever meet us with counsel, direction, comfort, caution, or seasonable reproof, we must see God sending them. We ought to be very thankful for those happy providences which are the means of keeping us from sinning. Most people think it enough, if they take reproof patiently; but few will take it thankfully, and commend those who give it, and accept it as a favour. The nearer we are to committing sin, the greater is the mercy of a seasonable restraint. Sinners are often most secure when most in danger. He was very drunk. A sign he was Nabal, a fool, that could not use plenty without abusing it; who could not be pleasant with his friends without making a beast of himself. There is not a surer sign that a man has but little wisdom, nor a surer way to destroy the little he has, than drinking to excess. Next morning, how he is changed! His heart overnight merry with wine, next morning heavy as a stone; so deceitful are carnal pleasures, so soon passes the laughter of the fool; the end of that mirth is heaviness. Drunkards are sad, when they reflect upon their own folly. About ten days after, the Lord smote Nabal, that he died. David blessed God that he had been kept from killing Nabal. Worldly sorrow, mortified pride, and an affrighted conscience, sometimes end the joys of the sensualist, and separate the covetous man from his wealth; but, whatever the weapon, the Lord smites men with death when it pleases him.

Verses 39-44 Abigail believed that David would be king over Israel, and greatly esteemed his pious and excellent character. She deemed his proposal of marriage honourable, and advantageous to her, notwithstanding his present difficulties. With great humility, and doubtless agreeably to the customs of those times, she consented, being willing to share his trails. Thus those who join themselves to Christ, must be willing now to suffer with him, believing that hereafter they shall reign with him.

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1 Samuel 25 Commentaries

Footnotes 1

  • [a] Heb., seah; un seah equivale aprox. a 7.3 litros

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 25

This chapter gives an account of the death of Samuel, and of the ill treatment David met with from Nabal; it begins with the death of Samuel, which was greatly lamented in Israel, 1Sa 25:1; it draws the character of Nabal, and his wife, 1Sa 25:2,3; records a message of David to him, by his young men, desiring he would send him some of his provisions made for his sheep shearers, 1Sa 25:4-9; and Nabal's ill-natured answer to him reported by the young men, which provoked David to arm against him, 1Sa 25:10-13,21,22; and this being told Abigail, the wife of Nabal, and a good character given of David and his men, and of the advantage Nabal's shepherds had received from them, and the danger his family was in through his ingratitude, 1Sa 25:14-17; she prepared a present to pacify David, went with it herself, and addressed him in a very handsome, affectionate, and prudent manner, 1Sa 25:18-31; and met with a kind reception, 1Sa 25:32-35; and the chapter is closed with an account of the death of Nabal, and of the marriage of Abigail to David, 1Sa 25:32-44.

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