Joshua 21

Forty-Eight Cities for the Levites

1 Now the family heads of the Levites approached Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the other tribes of Israel ¹

2 at Shiloh in the land of Canaan and said to them, “The LORD commanded through Moses that we be given cities in which to live, together with pasturelands for our livestock.”

3 So by the command of the LORD, the Israelites gave the Levites these cities and their pasturelands out of their own inheritance:

4 The first lot came out for the Kohathite clans. The Levites who were descendants of Aaron the priest received thirteen cities by lot from the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin.

5 The remaining descendants of Kohath received ten cities by lot from the tribes of Ephraim, Dan, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

6 The descendants of Gershon received thirteen cities by lot from the tribes of Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and the half-tribe of Manasseh in Bashan.

7 And the descendants of Merari received twelve cities from the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Zebulun.

8 So the Israelites allotted to the Levites these cities, together with their pasturelands, as the LORD had commanded through Moses.

9 From the tribes of Judah and Simeon, they designated these cities by name

10 to the descendants of Aaron from the Kohathite clans of the Levites, because the first lot fell to them:

11 They gave them Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron), with its surrounding pasturelands, in the hill country of Judah. (Arba was the father of Anak.)

12 But they had given the fields and villages around the city to Caleb son of Jephunneh as his possession.

13 So to the descendants of Aaron the priest they gave these cities, together with their pasturelands: Hebron, a city of refuge for the manslayer, Libnah,

14 Jattir, Eshtemoa,

15 Holon, Debir,

16 Ain, Juttah, and Beth-shemesh—nine cities from these two tribes, together with their pasturelands.

17 And from the tribe of Benjamin they gave them Gibeon, Geba,

18 Anathoth, and Almon—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

19 In all, thirteen cities, together with their pasturelands, were given to the priests, the descendants of Aaron.

20 The remaining Kohathite clans of the Levites were allotted these cities:

21 they were given Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim (a city of refuge for the manslayer), Gezer,

22 Kibzaim, and Beth-horon—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

23 From the tribe of Dan they were given Elteke, Gibbethon,

24 Aijalon, and Gath-rimmon—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

25 And from the half-tribe of Manasseh they were given Taanach and Gath-rimmon—two cities, together with their pasturelands.

26 In all, ten cities, together with their pasturelands, were given to the rest of the Kohathite clans.

27 This is what the Levite clans of the Gershonites were given:

28 From the tribe of Issachar they were given Kishion, Daberath,

29 Jarmuth, and En-gannim—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

30 From the tribe of Asher they were given Mishal, Abdon,

31 Helkath, and Rehob—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

32 And from the tribe of Naphtali they were given Kedesh in Galilee (a city of refuge for the manslayer), Hammoth-dor, and Kartan—three cities, together with their pasturelands.

33 In all, thirteen cities, together with their pasturelands, were given to the Gershonite clans.

34 This is what the Merarite clan (the rest of the Levites) were given:

35 Dimnah, and Nahalal—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

36 From the tribe of Reuben they were given Bezer, Jahaz,

37 Kedemoth, and Mephaath—four cities, together with their pasturelands.

38 And from the tribe of Gad they were given Ramoth in Gilead, a city of refuge for the manslayer, Mahanaim,

39 Heshbon, and Jazer—four cities in all, together with their pasturelands.

40 In all, twelve cities were allotted to the clans of Merari, the remaining Levite clans.

41 For the Levites, then, there were forty-eight cities in all, together with their pasturelands, within the territory of the Israelites.

42 Each of these cities had its own surrounding pasturelands; this was true for all the cities.

43 Thus the LORD gave Israel all the land He had sworn to give their fathers, and they took possession of it and settled in it.

44 And the LORD gave them rest on every side, just as He had sworn to their fathers. None of their enemies could stand against them, for the LORD delivered all their enemies into their hand.

45 Not one of all the LORD’s good promises to the house of Israel had failed; everything was fulfilled.

Joshua 21 Commentary

Chapter 21

Cities for the Levites. (1-8) The cities allotted to the Levites. (9-42) God gave the land and rest to the Israelites, according to his promise. (43-45)

Verses 1-8 The Levites waited till the other tribes were provided for, before they preferred their claim to Joshua. They build their claim upon a very good foundation; not their own merits or services, but the Divine precept. The maintenance of ministers is not a thing left merely to the will of the people, that they may let them starve if they please; they which preach the gospel should live by the gospel, and should live comfortably.

Verses 9-42 By mixing the Levites with the other tribes, they were made to see that the eyes of all Israel were upon them, and therefore it was their concern to walk so that their ministry might not be blamed. Every tribe had its share of Levites' cities. Thus did God graciously provide for keeping up religion among them, and that they might have the word in all parts of the land. Yet, blessed be God, we have the gospel more diffused amongst us.

Verses 43-45 God promised to give to the seed of Abraham the land of Canaan for a possession, and now they possessed it, and dwelt therein. And the promise of the heavenly Canaan is as sure to all God's spiritual Israel; for it is the promise of Him that cannot lie. There stood not a man before them. The after-prevalence of the Canaanites was the effect of Israel's slothfulness, and the punishment of their sinful inclination to the idolatries and abominations of the heathen whom they harboured and indulged. There failed not aught of any good thing, which the Lord had spoken to the house of Israel. In due season all his promises will be accomplished; then will his people acknowledge that the Lord has exceeded their largest expectations, and made them more than conquerors, and brought them to their desired rest.

Cross References

• 1. (Numbers 35:1–8; 1 Chronicles 6:54–81)

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 21

This chapter contains the address of the Levites to the court, to have the cities and suburbs given them according to the command of God by Moses, Jos 21:1,2; the grant of them by lot out of the several tribes, Jos 21:3-8; the particular cities out of the tribes of Judah and Simeon are mentioned by name, Jos 21:9-16; then those out of the tribe of Benjamin, Jos 21:17-19; next those out of the tribe of Ephraim, Jos 21:20-22; afterwards those out of the tribe of Dan, Jos 21:23-26; then those out of the half tribe of Manasseh, Jos 21:27; and out of the tribe of Issachar, Jos 21:28,29; and out of the tribe of Asher, Jos 21:30,31; and of Naphtali, Jos 21:32,33; and of Zebulun, Jos 21:34,35; and of Reuben, Jos 21:36,37; and of Gad, Jos 21:38-40; which in all made forty eight, Jos 21:41,42; and the chapter is concluded with observing, that God gave Israel all the land of Canaan, and rest in it, according to his promise, very faithfully and punctually, Jos 21:43-45.