Proverbs 11
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16. retaineth--or literally, "lay hold of as a support." Honor is to a feeble woman thus as valuable as riches to men.
17. merciful--kind to others; opposed to cruel. Such benefit themselves by doing good to others (compare Proverbs 24:5 ), while the cruel injure themselves as well as others.
flesh--that is, his body, by penuriousness ( Colossians 2:23 ).
18. a deceitful work--or, "wages," which fail to satisfy, or flee away ( Proverbs 10:2 , 23:5 ).
sure reward--or, "gain," as from trading ( Hosea 10:12 , Galatians 6:8 Galatians 6:9 ).
19. Inference from Proverbs 11:18 (compare Proverbs 11:5 Proverbs 11:6 , Proverbs 10:16 ).
20. (Compare Proverbs 11:5 ).
froward--as in Proverbs 2:15 , opposed to the simplicity and purity of the upright.
in their way--or, "conduct."
21. The combined power of the wicked cannot free them from just punishment, while the unaided children of the righteous find deliverance by reason of their pious relationship ( Psalms 37:25 Psalms 37:26 ).
22. Jewels were often suspended from the nose ( Genesis 24:47 , Isaiah 3:21 ). Thus adorned, a hog disgusts less than a fair and indiscreet woman.
23. (Compare Proverbs 10:28 ).
wrath--is that of God.
24-31. The scope of the whole is a comment on Proverbs 11:23 . Thus liberality, by God's blessing, secures increase, while penuriousness, instead of expected gain, procures poverty.
25. liberal soul--(Compare Margin).
made fat--prospers ( Proverbs 28:25 , Deuteronomy 32:15 , Luke 6:38 ).
watereth . . . watered--a common figure for blessing.
26. Another example of the truth of Proverbs 11:23 ; the miser loses reputation, though he saves corn.
selleth it--that is at a fair price.
27. good [and] mischief--that is, of others.
procureth . . . seeketh--implying success.
28. (Compare Proverbs 10:15 , Psalms 49:6 , 1 Timothy 6:17 ).
righteous . . . branch--( Psalms 1:3 , Jeremiah 17:8 ).
29. troubleth--as Proverbs 15:27 explains, by greediness for gain (compare Proverbs 11:17 ).
inherit . . . wind--Even successful, his gains are of no real value. So the fool, thus acting, either comes to poverty, or heaps up for others.
30. a tree of life--Blessings to others proceed from the works of the righteous ( Proverbs 3:18 ).
winneth souls--(Compare Margin) to do them good as opposed to Proverbs 6:25 , Ezekiel 13:18 (compare Luke 5:10 ).
31. Behold--Thus calling attention to the illustrations (compare Proverbs 11:23 ), the sentiment of which is confirmed even in time, not excluding future rewards and punishments.