Genesi 12

1 OR il Signore avea detto ad Abramo: Vattene fuor del tuo paese, e del tuo parentado, e della casa di tuo padre, nel paese che io ti mostrerò.

2 Ed io ti farò divenire una gran gente, e ti benedirò, e magnificherò il tuo nome; e tu sarai benedizione.

3 Ed io benedirò coloro che ti benediranno, e maledirò coloro che ti malediranno; e tutte le nazioni della terra saranno benedette in te.

4 Ed Abramo se ne andò, come il Signore gli avea detto; e Lot andò con lui. Or Abramo era d’età di settantacinque anni quando partì di Charan.

5 Abramo adunque prese Sarai sua moglie, e Lot figliuol del suo fratello, e tutte le lor facoltà che aveano acquistate, e parimente le persone che aveano acquistate in Charan; e si partirono, per andar nel paese di Canaan. E pervennero al paese di Canaan.

6 Ed Abramo passò per lo paese, fino al luogo di Sichem, fino alla pianura di More. Ed in quel tempo i Cananei erano nel paese.

7 E il Signore apparve ad Abramo, e gli disse: Io darò questo paese alla tua progenie. Ed Abramo edificò quivi un altare al Signore che gli era apparito.

8 Poi egli si tramutò di là verso il monte, dalla parte orientale di Betel; e tese i suoi padiglioni, avendo dal lato occidentale Betel, e dall’orientale Ai; ed edificò quivi un altare al Signore, ed invocò il Nome del Signore.

9 Poi Abramo si partì, camminando e traendo verso il Mezzodì.

10 OR sopravvenne una fame nel paese; ed Abramo scese in Egitto, per dimorarvi, perciocchè la fame era grave nel paese.

11 E, come egli fu presso ad entrare in Egitto, disse a Sarai sua moglie: Ecco, ora io so che tu sei donna di bell’aspetto.

12 Laonde avverrà che, quando gli Egizj ti vedranno, diranno: Costei è moglie di costui; e mi uccideranno, e a te scamperanno la vita.

13 Deh! ‘che tu sei mia sorella; acciocchè per cagion di te mi sia fatto del bene, e per amor tuo la vita mi sia conservata.

14 Avvenne adunque che, come Abramo fu venuto in Egitto, gli Egizj riguardarono quella donna, perchè ella era molto bella.

15 Ed i principi di Faraone, vedutala, la commendarono a Faraone; onde quella donna fu presa e menata in casa di Faraone.

16 Ed egli fece del bene ad Abramo, per amor di lei; ed egli n’ebbe pecore, e buoi, ed asini, e servi, e serve, ed asine, e cammelli.

17 Ma il Signore percosse Faraone e la sua casa di gran piaghe, per cagion di Sarai, moglie di Abramo.

18 E Faraone chiamò Abramo, e gli disse: Che cosa è questo che tu mi hai fatto? perchè non mi hai tu dichiarato ch’ella era tua moglie?

19 Perchè dicesti: Ell’è mia sorella? onde io me l’avea presa per moglie; ora dunque, eccoti la tua moglie, prendila, e vattene.

20 E Faraone diede commissione di lui a certi uomini; ed essi accommiatarono lui e la sua moglie e tutto quello ch’era suo.

Genesi 12 Commentary

Chapter 12

God calls Abram, and blesses him with a promise of Christ. (1-3) Abram departs from Haran. (4,5) He journeys through Canaan, and worships God in that land. (6-9) Abram is driven by a famine into Egypt, He feigns his wife to be his sister. (10-20)

Verses 1-3 God made choice of Abram, and singled him out from among his fellow-idolaters, that he might reserve a people for himself, among whom his true worship might be maintained till the coming of Christ. From henceforward Abram and his seed are almost the only subject of the history in the Bible. Abram was tried whether he loved God better than all, and whether he could willingly leave all to go with God. His kindred and his father's house were a constant temptation to him, he could not continue among them without danger of being infected by them. Those who leave their sins, and turn to God, will be unspeakable gainers by the change. The command God gave to Abram, is much the same with the gospel call, for natural affection must give way to Divine grace. Sin, and all the occasions of it, must be forsaken; particularly bad company. Here are many great and precious promises. All God's precepts are attended with promises to the obedient. 1. I will make of thee a great nation. When God took Abram from his own people, he promised to make him the head of another people. 2. I will bless thee. Obedient believers shall be sure to inherit the blessing. 3. I will make thy name great. The name of obedient believers shall certainly be made great. 4. Thou shalt be a blessing. Good men are the blessings of their country. 5. I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee. God will take care that none are losers, by any service done for his people. 6. In thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed. Jesus Christ is the great blessing of the world, the greatest that ever the world possessed. All the true blessedness the world is now, or ever shall be possessed of, is owing to Abram and his posterity. Through them we have a Bible, a Saviour, and a gospel. They are the stock on which the Christian church is grafted.

Verses 4-5 Abram believed that the blessing of the Almighty would make up for all he could lose or leave behind, supply all his wants, and answer and exceed all his desires; and he knew that nothing but misery would follow disobedience. Such believers, being justified by faith in Christ, have peace with God. They hold on their way to Canaan. They are not discouraged by the difficulties in their way, nor drawn aside by the delights they meet with. Those who set out for heaven must persevere to the end. What we undertake, in obedience to God's command, and in humble attendance on his providence, will certainly succeed, and end with comfort at last. Canaan was not, as other lands, a mere outward possession, but a type of heaven, and in this respect the patriarchs so earnestly prized it.

Verses 6-9 Abram found the country peopled by Canaanites, who were bad neighbours. He journeyed, going on still. Sometimes it is the lot of good men to be unsettled, and often to remove into various states. Believers must look on themselves as strangers and sojourners in this world, ( hebrews 11:8 hebrews 11:13 hebrews 11:14 ) . But observe how much comfort Abram had in God. When he could have little satisfaction in converse with the Canaanites whom he found there, he had abundance of pleasure in communion with that God, who brought him thither, and did not leave him. Communion with God is kept up by the word and by prayer. God reveals himself and his favours to his people by degrees; before, he had promised to show Abram this land, now, to give it to him: as grace is growing, so is comfort. It should seem, Abram understood it also as a grant of a better land, of which this was a type; for he looked for a heavenly country, ( Hebrews 11:16 ) . As soon as Abram was got to Canaan, though he was but a stranger and sojourner there, yet he set up, and kept up, the worship of God in his family. He not only minded the ceremonial part of religion, the offering of sacrifice; but he made conscience of seeking his God, and calling on his name; that spiritual sacrifice with which God is well pleased. He preached concerning the name of the Lord; he taught his family and neighbours the knowledge of the true God, and his holy religion. The way of family worship is a good old way, no new thing, but the ancient usage of the saints. Abram was rich, and had a numerous family, was now unsettled, and in the midst of enemies; yet, wherever he pitched his tent, he built an altar: wherever we go, let us not fail to take our religion along with us.

Verses 10-20 There is no state on earth free from trials, nor any character free from blemishes. There was famine in Canaan, the glory of all lands, and unbelief, with the evils it ever brings, in Abram the father of the faithful. Perfect happiness and perfect purity dwell only in heaven. Abram, when he must for a time quit Canaan, goes to Egypt, that he might not seem to look back, and meaning to tarry there no longer than needful. There Abram dissembled his relation to Sarai, equivocated, and taught his wife and his attendants to do so too. He concealed a truth, so as in effect to deny it, and exposed thereby both his wife and the Egyptians to sin. The grace Abram was most noted for, was faith; yet he thus fell through unbelief and distrust of the Divine providence, even after God had appeared to him twice. Alas, what will become of weak faith, when strong faith is thus shaken! If God did not deliver us, many a time, out of straits and distresses which we bring ourselves into, by our own sin and folly, we should be ruined. He deals not with us according to our deserts. Those are happy chastisements that hinder us in a sinful way, and bring us to our duty, particularly to the duty of restoring what we have wrongfully taken or kept. Pharaoh's reproof of Abram was very just: What is this that thou hast done? How unbecoming a wise and good man! If those who profess religion, do that which is unfair and deceptive, especially if they say that which borders upon a lie, they must expect to hear of it; and they have reason to thank those who will tell them of it. The sending away was kind. Pharaoh was so far from any design to kill Abram, as he feared, that he took particular care of him. We often perplex ourselves with fears which are altogether groundless. Many a time we fear where no fear is. Pharaoh charged his men not to hurt Abram in any thing. It is not enough for those in authority, that they do not hurt themselves; they must keep their servants and those about them from doing hurt.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 12

In this chapter an account is given of the call of Abram to depart from his own country, with a promise of a divine blessing, Ge 12:1-3 of his obedience to it, Ge 12:4,5 of his journey through the land of Canaan, and of the Lord's appearance to him in it, and his promise of it to his seed, and of Abram's building altars in it, and calling on the name of the Lord, Ge 12:6-9 and of a famine there, which occasioned him to go into Egypt, Ge 12:10 where, through fear of being slain, he desired his wife to call herself his sister, Ge 12:11-13 and she being greatly admired by the Egyptians for her beauty, it went well with Abram for her sake, Ge 12:14-16 but the Egyptians were plagued because of her, who, when they understood she was Abram's wife, sent them both away, and all that belonged to them, Ge 12:17-20.