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Joshua 12:1-6

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Kings Defeated by Moses

1 Now these are the kings of the land whom the people of Israel defeated and took possession of their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from 1the Valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, with all 2the Arabah eastward:
2 3Sihon king of the Amorites who lived at Heshbon and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the Valley of the Arnon, and 4from the middle of the valley as far as the 5river Jabbok, the boundary of the Ammonites, that is, half of Gilead,
3 and 6the Arabah 7to the Sea of Chinneroth eastward, and in the direction of Beth-jeshimoth, to the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, southward to the foot of 8the slopes of Pisgah;
4 and 9Og[a] king of Bashan, one of the remnant of 10the Rephaim, 11who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei
5 and ruled over 12Mount Hermon and 13Salecah and all Bashan 14to the boundary of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and over half of Gilead to the boundary of Sihon king of Heshbon.
6 15Moses, the servant of the Lord, and the people of Israel defeated them. And Moses the servant of the Lord 16gave their land for a possession to the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
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Joshua 12:1-6 Meaning and Commentary

INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 12

This chapter gives a short account of the conquests made by the Israelites, both in the times of Moses and of Joshua, and first of the kingdom of Sihon and Og on the other side Jordan, in the times of Moses, and which he gave to the two tribes of Reuben and Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and which are particularly described, Jos 12:1-6; and then of the kings and the countries on this side Jordan whom Joshua conquered, Jos 12:7,8; and the names of the thirty one kingdoms are recited, that so it might be exactly known and observed what were afterwards divided among the tribes and possessed by them, Jos 12:9-24.

Taken from John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
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Cross References 16

  • 1. 12:1 Num. 21:13, 24; Deut. 3:8, 9
  • 2. 12:1 See Deut. 1:1
  • 3. 12:2 Deut. 2:32, 33; 3:6, 16; See Num. 21:21-26
  • 4. 12:2 Deut. 2:36
  • 5. 12:2 Gen. 32:22
  • 6. 12:3 [See ver. 1 above]
  • 7. 12:3 ch. 11:2
  • 8. 12:3 ch. 13:20; Deut. 3:17; 4:49
  • 9. 12:4 Deut. 3:3, 10; See Num. 21:33-35
  • 10. 12:4 ch. 13:12; 15:8; 18:16
  • 11. 12:4 ch. 9:10; Deut. 1:4
  • 12. 12:5 Deut. 3:8, 9
  • 13. 12:5 ch. 13:11; Deut. 3:10
  • 14. 12:5 Deut. 3:14
  • 15. 12:6 See Num. 21:23, 24, 33-35
  • 16. 12:6 ch. 13:8; Num. 32:29, 33; Deut. 3:11, 12

Footnotes 1

  • [a] 12:4 Septuagint; Hebrew 'the boundary of Og'
The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®) © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. All rights reserved. ESV Text Edition: 2025

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