And they appointed two
The motion made by Peter was attended to by the whole company;
they approved of it, and accordingly proposed two persons by
name; one of which was to be chosen, not by the apostles, but by
the whole assembly. The Arabic version reads, "he appointed two",
as if Peter singly did this: contrary to all copies, and other
versions, and to the context; which shows, that the whole body of
the people were concerned in this affair, who prayed and gave
forth their lots and suffrages: the persons nominated were,
Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and
Matthias.
The former of these has three names; in one ancient copy of
Beza's he is called Joses; and by some thought to be the same
with Joses, surnamed Barnabas, in ( Acts 4:36 ) partly
because in one copy, and in the Syriac version there, that Joses
is called Joseph; and partly, because of the nearness in sound
between Barsabas and Barnabas: hence the Ethiopic version here
reads, "Joseph, who was called Barnabas", and so Beza's most
ancient copy; but though Joses is here meant for Jose, or Joses
is, with the Jews, an abbreviation of Joseph; yet not Joses the
Levite, who was of the country of Cyprus, but Joses of Galilee,
the son of Alphaeus and Mary; and who had two brothers, James and
Jude, already apostles; see ( Matthew
13:55 ) ( Mark 15:40 ) . Moreover,
though the two names, Barnabas and Barsabas, differ little in
sound, yet much in sense: the former is interpreted "the son of
consolation", ( Acts 4:36 ) but the
latter signifies much the same with Bathsheba; as that may be
interpreted "the daughter", this "the son of an oath"; or as
others, "a son of wisdom"; and by others, "the son of fulness"; I
should choose to take it to be the same name with (abo rb) , and interpret it, "the son
of an old man"; as Alphaeus might be, when Joses, or Joseph was
born, and he be the younger brother of James and Jude; as for his
surname Justus, this was a name not only in use among the
Grecians and Romans, especially the latter, but among the Jews:
hence we often read of Rabbi (ajowy) , "Justa", and sometimes, (yjowy) , "Justi", and at other times,
(yajowy) "Justai"
F24 whether he had this surname from
his being a very just man, as Aristides was called Aristides the
just; and so Simeon the high priest, the last of Ezra's great
synagogue, was called Simeon the just F25; and
so James the brother of this Joseph, or Joses, was called by the
Jews F26; and it may be, that he himself
might have his name from the patriarch Joseph, who used to be
called by them, Joseph, (qyduh) , "the just" F1: for Matthias, his name is
Jewish, and he was no doubt a Jew; hence we read (aytm ybr) , "Rabbi Matthia ben
Charash" F2; his name signifying the same as
Nathanael does, namely, the gift of God, made Dr. Lightfoot
conjecture they might be the same; but this agrees not with
another conjecture that learned man, who elsewhere thinks, that
Bartholomew and Nathanael were the same; and if so, he must have
been an apostle already; Clemens of Alexandria was of opinion,
that this Matthias was Zacchaeus F3.