Isaías 10

1 Ai daqueles que fazem leis injustas,que escrevem decretos opressores,

2 para privar os pobres dos seus direitose da justiça os oprimidos do meu povo,fazendo das viúvas sua presae roubando dos órfãos!

3 Que farão vocês no dia do castigo,quando a destruição vier de um lugar distante?Atrás de quem vocês correrão em busca de ajuda?Onde deixarão todas as suas riquezas?

4 Nada poderão fazer, a não ser encolher-se entre os prisioneirosou cair entre os mortos.Apesar disso tudo, a ira divina não se desviou;sua mão continua erguida.

O Juízo de Deus sobre a Assíria

5 “Ai dos assírios, a vara do meu furor,em cujas mãos está o bastão da minha ira!

6 Eu os envio contra uma nação ímpia,contra um povo que me enfurece,para saqueá-lo e arrancar-lhe os bens,e para pisoteá-lo como a lama das ruas.

7 Mas não é o que eles pretendem,não é o que têm planejado;antes, o seu propósito é destruire dar fim a muitas nações.

8 ‘Os nossos comandantes não são todos reis?’, eles perguntam.

9 Acaso não aconteceu a Calno o mesmo que a Carquemis?Hamate não é como Arpadee Samaria como Damasco?

10 Assim como esses reinos idólatras foram conquistados por minha mão,reinos cujas imagens eram mais numerosas que as de Jerusalém e de Samaria,

11 eu tratarei Jerusalém e suas imagenscomo tratei Samaria e seus ídolos”.

12 Quando o Senhor terminar toda a sua obra contra o monte Sião e contra Jerusalém, ele dirá: “Castigarei o rei da Assíria pelo orgulho obstinado de seu coração e pelo seu olhar arrogante.

13 Pois ele diz:“ ‘Com a força da minha mão eu o fiz,e com a minha sabedoria, porque tenho entendimento.Removi as fronteiras das nações,saqueei os seus tesouros;como um poderoso subjuguei seus habitantes.^[a]

14 Como se estica o braçopara alcançar um ninho,assim estiquei o braçopara apanhar a riqueza das nações;como os que ajuntam ovos abandonados,assim ajuntei toda a terra;não houve ninguém que batesse as asasou que desse um pio’.”

15 Será que o machado se exalta acima daquele que o maneja,ou a serra se vangloria contra aquele que a usa?Seria como se uma vara manejasse quem a ergue,ou o bastão levantasse quem não é madeira!

16 Por isso o Soberano, o SENHOR dos Exércitos,enviará uma enfermidade devastadora sobre os seus fortes guerreiros;no lugar da sua glória se acenderá um fogocomo chama abrasadora.

17 A Luz de Israel se tornará um fogo;o seu Santo, uma chama.Num único dia ela queimará e consumiráos seus espinheiros e as suas roseiras bravas.

18 A glória das suas florestas e dos seus campos férteisse extinguirá totalmentecomo definha um enfermo.

19 E as árvores que sobrarem nas suas florestas serão tão poucasque até uma criança poderá contá-las.

O Remanescente de Israel

20 Naquele dia, o remanescente de Israel,os sobreviventes da descendência de Jacó,já não confiarão naquele que os feriu;antes confiarão no SENHOR,no Santo de Israel, com toda a fidelidade.

21 Um remanescente voltará,^[b] sim, o remanescente de Jacóvoltará para o Deus Poderoso.

22 Embora o seu povo, ó Israel, seja como a areia do mar,apenas um remanescente voltará.A destruição já foi decretadae virá transbordante de justiça.

23 O Soberano, o SENHOR dos Exércitos,executará a destruição decretada contra todo o país.

24 Por isso o Soberano, o SENHOR dos Exércitos, diz:“Povo meu que vive em Sião,não tenha medo dos assíriosquando eles o espancam com uma varae erguem contra você um bastão como fez o Egito.

25 Muito em breve o meu furor passará,e a minha ira se voltará para a destruição deles”.

26 O SENHOR dos Exércitos os flagelará com um chicote,como fez quando feriu Midiã na rocha de Orebe;ele erguerá o seu cajado contra o marcomo fez no Egito.

27 Naquele dia, o fardo deles será tirado dos seus ombros,e o jugo deles do seu pescoço;o jugo se quebraráporque vocês estarão muito gordos!^[c]

28 Eles entram em Aiate;passam por Migrom;guardam suprimentos em Micmás.

29 Atravessam o vale e dizem:“Passaremos a noite acampados em Geba”.Ramá treme;Gibeá de Saul foge.

30 Clamem, ó habitantes de Galim!Escute, ó Laís! Pobre Anatote!

31 Madmena está em fuga;o povo de Gebim esconde-se.

32 Hoje eles vão parar em Nobe;sacudirão o punho parao monte da cidade^[d] de Sião,para a colina de Jerusalém.

33 Vejam! O Soberano, o SENHOR dos Exércitos,cortará os galhos com grande força.As árvores altivas serão derrubadas,as altas serão lançadas por terra.

34 Com um machado ele ceifará a floresta;o Líbano cairá diante do Poderoso.

Isaías 10 Commentary

Chapter 10

Woes against proud oppressors. (1-4) The Assyrian but an instrument in the hand of God for the punishment of his people. (5-19) The deliverance from him. (20-34)

Verses 1-4 These verses are to be joined with the foregoing chapter. Woe to the superior powers that devise and decree unrighteous decrees! And woe to the inferior officers that draw them up, and enter them on record! But what will sinners do? Whither will they flee?

Verses 5-19 See what a change sin made. The king of Assyria, in his pride, thought to act by his own will. The tyrants of the world are tools of Providence. God designs to correct his people for their hypocrisy, and bring them nearer to him; but is that Sennacherib's design? No; he designs to gratify his own covetousness and ambition. The Assyrian boasts what great things he has done to other nations, by his own policy and power. He knows not that it is God who makes him what he is, and puts the staff into his hand. He had done all this with ease; none moved the wing, or cried as birds do when their nests are rifled. Because he conquered Samaria, he thinks Jerusalem would fall of course. It was lamentable that Jerusalem should have set up graven images, and we cannot wonder that she was excelled in them by the heathen. But is it not equally foolish for Christians to emulate the people of the world in vanities, instead of keeping to things which are their special honour? For a tool to boast, or to strive against him that formed it, would not be more out of the way, than for Sennacherib to vaunt himself against Jehovah. When God brings his people into trouble, it is to bring sin to their remembrance, and humble them, and to awaken them to a sense of their duty; this must be the fruit, even the taking away of sin. When these points are gained by the affliction, it shall be removed in mercy. This attempt upon Zion and Jerusalem should come to nothing. God will be as a fire to consume the workers of iniquity, both soul and body. The desolation should be as when a standard-bearer fainteth, and those who follow are put to confusion. Who is able to stand before this great and holy Lord God?

Verses 20-34 By our afflictions we may learn not to make creatures our confidence. Those only can with comfort stay upon God, who return to him in truth, not in pretence and profession only. God will justly bring this wasting away on a provoking people, but will graciously set bounds to it. It is against the mind and will of God, that his people, whatever happens, should give way to fear. God's anger against his people is but for a moment; and when that is turned from us, we need not fear the fury of man. The rod with which he corrected his people, shall not only be laid aside, but thrown into the fire. To encourage God's people, the prophet puts them in mind of what God had formerly done against the enemies of his church. God's people shall be delivered from the Assyrians. Some think it looks to the deliverance of the Jews out of their captivity; and further yet, to the redemption of believers from the tyranny of sin and Satan. And this, "because of the anointing;" for his people Israel's sake, the believers among them that had received the unction of Divine grace. And for the sake of the Messiah, the Anointed of God. Here is, ver. ( 28-34 ) , a prophetical description of Sennacherib's march towards Jerusalem, when he threatened to destroy that city. Then the Lord, in whom Hezekiah trusted, cut down his army like the hewing of a forest. Let us apply what is here written, to like matters in other ages of the church of Christ. Because of the anointing of our great Redeemer, the yoke of every antichrist must be broken from off his church: and if our souls partake of the unction of the Holy Spirit, complete and eternal deliverances will be secured to us.

Footnotes

• [a]. Ou "poderosos"
• [b]. Hebraico: "Sear-Jasube; " também no versículo 22.
• [c]. A Septuaginta diz "será quebrado dos seus ombros."
• [d]. Hebraico: "filha."

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO ISAIAH 10

This chapter contains denunciations of punishment, first on the governors of the Jewish nation, and then upon the Assyrians; a woe is denounced on the makers and imposers of bad laws, whereby the poor and the needy, the widows and the fatherless, were deprived of their right, Isa 10:1,2 which woe or punishment is explained to be a desolation of their country by the Assyrians, that should come afar off, and which they could not escape; under whom they should bow and fall; and yet there should not be an end of their punishment, Isa 10:3,4 next follows a prophecy of the destruction of the Assyrians themselves, for the comfort of God's people; in which is observed, that the Assyrian monarch was an instrument in the hand of the Lord to chastise his people, and therefore is called the rod and staff of his wrath and indignation, Isa 10:5 the people are described against whom he was sent, and the end for which is mentioned, Isa 10:6 though this was not his intention, nor did he design to stop here, but to destroy and cut off many other nations, Isa 10:7 which he hoped to do from the magnificence of his princes, who were as kings, and from the conquests he had made of kingdoms, and their chief cities, Isa 10:8-11 wherefore, when the Lord had done what he designed to do by him among his people the Jews, he was determined to punish him, because of the pride of his heart, and the haughtiness of his looks, and his boasting of his strength and wisdom, and of his robberies and plunders, without opposition; which boasting was as foolish as if an axe, a saw, a rod, and a staff, should boast, magnify, move, and lift up themselves against the person that made use of them, Isa 10:12-15 which punishment is said to come from the Lord, and is expressed by leanness, and by a consuming and devouring fire; for which reason his army is compared to thorns and briers, to a forest, and a fruitful field, which should be destroyed at once; so that what of the trees remained should be so few as to be numbered by a child, Isa 10:16-19 and, for the further consolation of the people of God, it is observed, that in the times following the destruction of the Assyrian monarchy, a remnant of the people of Israel should be converted, and no more lean upon an arm of flesh, but upon the Lord Christ, the Holy One of Israel; even a remnant only; for though that people were very numerous, yet a remnant, according to the election of grace, should be saved, when it was the determinate counsel of God, and according to his righteous judgment, to destroy the far greater part of them, for their perverseness and obstinacy, Isa 10:20-23 wherefore the people of God are exhorted not to be afraid of the Assyrian, though chastised by him; since in a little time the anger of the Lord would cease in his destruction, which should be after the manner of the Egyptians at the Red sea, and as the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb; whereby they would be free from his burden and yoke, because of the anointed King that should reign, or the King Messiah, Isa 10:24-27 and then follows a description of the expedition of the king of Assyria into Judea, by making mention of the several places through which he should pass with terror to the inhabitants, until he should come to Jerusalem, against which he should shake his hand, Isa 10:28-32 and then, under the similes of lopping a bough, and cutting down the thickets of a forest, and the trees of Lebanon, is predicted the destruction of his army and its generals by an angel, Isa 10:33,34.