Éxodo 14

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1 Y el SE脩OR habl贸 a Mois茅s, diciendo:
2 Di a los hijos de Israel que den la vuelta y acampen delante de Pi-hahirot, entre Migdol y el mar; acampar茅is frente a Baal-zef贸n, en el lado opuesto, junto al mar.
3 Porque Fara贸n dir谩 de los hijos de Israel: "Andan vagando sin rumbo por la tierra; el desierto los ha encerrado."
4 Y yo endurecer茅 el coraz贸n de Fara贸n, y 茅l los perseguir谩; y yo ser茅 glorificado por medio de Fara贸n y de todo su ej茅rcito, y sabr谩n los egipcios que yo soy el SE脩OR. Y as铆 lo hicieron.
5 Cuando le anunciaron al rey de Egipto que el pueblo hab铆a huido, Fara贸n y sus siervos cambiaron de actitud hacia el pueblo, y dijeron: 驴Qu茅 es esto que hemos hecho, que hemos permitido que Israel se fuera, dejando de servirnos?
6 Y 茅l unci贸 su carro y tom贸 consigo a su gente;
7 y tom贸 seiscientos carros escogidos, y todos los dem谩s carros de Egipto, con oficiales sobre todos ellos.
8 Y el SE脩OR endureci贸 el coraz贸n de Fara贸n, rey de Egipto, y 茅ste persigui贸 a los hijos de Israel, pero los hijos de Israel hab铆an salido con mano fuerte.
9 Entonces los egipcios los persiguieron con todos los caballos y carros de Fara贸n, su caballer铆a y su ej茅rcito, y los alcanzaron acampados junto al mar, junto a Pi-hahirot, frente a Baal-zef贸n.
10 Y al acercarse Fara贸n, los hijos de Israel alzaron los ojos, y he aqu铆 los egipcios marchaban tras ellos; entonces los hijos de Israel tuvieron mucho miedo y clamaron al SE脩OR.
11 Y dijeron a Mois茅s: 驴Acaso no hab铆a sepulcros en Egipto para que nos sacaras a morir en el desierto? 驴Por qu茅 nos has tratado de esta manera, sac谩ndonos de Egipto?
12 驴No es esto lo que te hablamos en Egipto, diciendo: "D茅janos, para que sirvamos a los egipcios"? Porque mejor nos hubiera sido servir a los egipcios que morir en el desierto.
13 Pero Mois茅s dijo al pueblo: No tem谩is; estad firmes y ved la salvaci贸n que el SE脩OR har谩 hoy por vosotros; porque los egipcios a quienes hab茅is visto hoy, no los volver茅is a ver jam谩s.
14 El SE脩OR pelear谩 por vosotros mientras vosotros os qued谩is callados.
15 Entonces dijo el SE脩OR a Mois茅s: 驴Por qu茅 clamas a m铆? Di a los hijos de Israel que se pongan en marcha.
16 Y t煤, levanta tu vara y extiende tu mano sobre el mar y div铆delo; y los hijos de Israel pasar谩n por en medio del mar, sobre tierra seca.
17 Y he aqu铆, yo endurecer茅 el coraz贸n de los egipcios para que entren a perseguirlos; y me glorificar茅 en Fara贸n y en todo su ej茅rcito, en sus carros y en su caballer铆a.
18 Entonces sabr谩n los egipcios que yo soy el SE脩OR, cuando sea glorificado en Fara贸n, en sus carros y en su caballer铆a.
19 Y el 谩ngel de Dios que hab铆a ido delante del campamento de Israel, se apart贸, e iba tras ellos; y la columna de nube que hab铆a ido delante de ellos, se apart贸, y se les puso detr谩s.
20 Y vino a colocarse entre el campamento de Egipto y el campamento de Israel; y estaba la nube junto con las tinieblas; sin embargo, de noche alumbraba a Israel, y en toda la noche no se acercaron los unos a los otros.
21 Extendi贸 Mois茅s su mano sobre el mar; y el SE脩OR, por medio de un fuerte viento solano que sopl贸 toda la noche, hizo que el mar retrocediera; y cambi贸 el mar en tierra seca, y fueron divididas las aguas.
22 Y los hijos de Israel entraron por en medio del mar, en seco, y las aguas les eran como un muro a su derecha y a su izquierda.
23 Entonces los egipcios reanudaron la persecuci贸n, y entraron tras ellos en medio del mar todos los caballos de Fara贸n, sus carros y sus jinetes.
24 Y aconteci贸 que a la vigilia de la ma帽ana, el SE脩OR mir贸 el ej茅rcito de los egipcios desde la columna de fuego y de nube, y sembr贸 la confusi贸n en el ej茅rcito de los egipcios.
25 Y entorpeci贸 las ruedas de sus carros, e hizo que avanzaran con dificultad. Entonces los egipcios dijeron: Huyamos ante Israel, porque el SE脩OR pelea por ellos contra los egipcios.
26 Entonces el SE脩OR dijo a Mois茅s: Extiende tu mano sobre el mar para que las aguas vuelvan sobre los egipcios, sobre sus carros y su caballer铆a.
27 Y extendi贸 Mois茅s su mano sobre el mar, y al amanecer, regres贸 el mar a su estado normal, y los egipcios al huir se encontraban con 茅l; as铆 derrib贸 el SE脩OR a los egipcios en medio del mar.
28 Y las aguas volvieron y cubrieron los carros y la caballer铆a, a todo el ej茅rcito de Fara贸n que hab铆a entrado tras ellos en el mar; no qued贸 ni uno de ellos.
29 Mas los hijos de Israel pasaron en seco por en medio del mar, y las aguas les eran como un muro a su derecha y a su izquierda.
30 Aquel d铆a salv贸 el SE脩OR a Israel de mano de los egipcios; e Israel vio a los egipcios muertos a la orilla del mar.
31 Cuando Israel vio el gran poder que el SE脩OR hab铆a usado contra los egipcios, el pueblo temi贸 al SE脩OR, y creyeron en el SE脩OR y en Mois茅s, su siervo.

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Éxodo 14 Commentary

Chapter 14

God directs the Israelites to Pihahiroth, Pharaoh pursues after them. (1-9) The Israelites murmur, Moses comforts them. (10-14) God instructs Moses, The cloud between the Israelites and the Egyptians. (15-20) The Israelites pass through the Red sea, which drowns the Egyptians. (21-31)

Verses 1-9 Pharaoh would think that all Israel was entangled in the wilderness, and so would become an easy prey. But God says, I will be honoured upon Pharaoh. All men being made for the honour of their Maker, those whom he is not honoured by, he will be honoured upon. What seems to tend to the church's ruin, is often overruled to the ruin of the church's enemies. While Pharaoh gratified his malice and revenge, he furthered the bringing to pass God's counsels concerning him. Though with the greatest reason he had let Israel go, yet now he was angry with himself for it. God makes the envy and rage of men against his people, a torment to themselves. Those who set their faces heavenward, and will live godly in Christ Jesus, must expect to be set upon by Satan's temptations and terrors. He will not tamely part with any out of his service.

Verses 10-14 There was no way open to Israel but upward, and thence their deliverance came. We may be in the way of duty, following God, and hastening toward heaven, yet may be troubled on every side. Some cried out unto the Lord; their fear led them to pray, and that was well. God brings us into straits, that he may bring us to our knees. Others cried out against Moses; fear set them murmuring as if God were not still able to work miracles. They quarrel with Moses for bringing them out of Egypt; and so were angry with God for the greatest kindness ever done them; thus gross are the absurdities of unbelief. Moses says, Fear ye not. It is always our duty and interest, when we cannot get out of troubles, yet to get above our fears; let them quicken our prayers and endeavours, but not silence our faith and hope. "Stand still," think not to save yourselves either by fighting or flying; wait God's orders, and observe them. Compose yourselves, by confidence in God, into peaceful thoughts of the great salvation God is about to work for you. If God brings his people into straits, he will find a way to bring them out.

Verses 15-20 Moses' silent prayers of faith prevailed more with God than Israel's loud outcries of fear. The pillar of cloud and fire came behind them, where they needed a guard, and it was a wall between them and their enemies. The word and providence of God have a black and dark side toward sin and sinners, but a bright and pleasant side toward the people of the Lord. He, who divided between light and darkness, ( Genesis 1:4 ) , allotted darkness to the Egyptians, and light to the Israelites. Such a difference there will be between the inheritance of the saints in light, and that utter darkness which will be the portion of hypocrites for ever.

Verses 21-31 The dividing the Red sea was the terror of the Canaanites, ( Joshua 2:9 ) ; the praise and triumph of the Israelites, ( Psalm 114:3 , Psalm 106:9 , Psalm 136:13 ) . It was a type of baptism, #1Co. 10:1, #1Co. 10:2 . Israel's passage through it was typical of the conversion of souls, ( Isaiah 11:15 ) ; and the Egyptians being drowned in it was typical of the final ruin of all unrepenting sinners. God showed his almighty power, by opening a passage through the waters, some miles over. God can bring his people through the greatest difficulties, and force a way where he does not find it. It was an instance of his wonderful favour to his Israel. They went through the sea, they walked upon dry land in the midst of the sea. This was done, in order to encourage God's people in all ages to trust him in the greatest straits. What cannot he do who did this? What will not he do for those that fear and love him, who did this for these murmuring, unbelieving Israelites? Then followed the just and righteous wrath of God upon his and his people's enemies. The ruin of sinners is brought on by their own rage and presumption. They might have let Israel alone, and would not; now they would flee from the face of Israel, and cannot. Men will not be convinced, till it is too late, that those who meddle with God's people, meddle to their own hurt. Moses was ordered to stretch out his hand over the sea; the waters returned, and overwhelmed all the host of the Egyptians. Pharaoh and his servants, who had hardened one another in sin, now fell together, not one escaped. The Israelites saw the Egyptians dead upon the sands. The sight very much affected them. While men see God's works, and feel the benefit, they fear him and trust in him. How well were it for us, if we were always in as good a frame as sometimes! Behold the end to which a Christian may look forward. His enemies rage, and are mighty; but while he holds fast by God, he shall pass the waves in safety guarded by that very power of his Saviour, which shall come down on every spiritual foe. The enemies of his soul whom he hath seen to-day, he shall see no more for ever.

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Éxodo 14 Commentaries

Footnotes 1

  • [a] Lit., corazn

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 14

This chapter begins with directions of God to Moses, to be given to the children of Israel about the course they were to steer in their journey, with the reason thereof, Ex 14:1-4, which they observing, a report was brought to Pharaoh that they were fled, and this determined him and his servants to get ready and pursue after them, as they did with a great army, Ex 14:5-9, which when the Israelites saw, it put them in great fear, and set them to murmuring and complaining against Moses for bringing them out of Egypt, Ex 14:10,11,12, who desired them to be still and quiet, and they should see the salvation of the Lord, Ex 14:13,14, and he is bid to order the people to go on in their journey, and to take his rod and stretch it over the sea and divide it, that Israel might pass through it on dry ground, and the Egyptians follow them, whereby God would be honoured and glorified, Ex 14:15-18, upon which the Angel of the Lord in a pillar of cloud removed from before there, and went behind them for their protection, Ex 14:19,20, and Moses stretching out his hand over the sea, and a strong east wind blowing upon it, the waters divided and the Israelites went into it, and the Egyptians followed them, but their host being troubled by the Lord, and their chariot wheels taken off, they found themselves in great danger, and were thrown into a panic, Ex 14:20-25 and upon Moses's stretching out his hand again over the sea, the waters returned, and Pharaoh and his host were drowned, but the Israelites passed through safely, as on dry land, Ex 14:26-29, which great work of the Lord being observed by them, influenced their fear of him, their faith in him and his servant Moses, Ex 14:30,31.

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