Números 21

1 Victoria sobre los cananeos
El rey cananeo de Arad que vivía en el Neguev oyó que los israelitas se acercaban por el camino que atraviesa Atarim. Así que atacó a los israelitas y tomó a algunos como prisioneros.

2 Entonces Israel hizo un voto al Señor
: «Si entregas a este pueblo en nuestras manos, destruiremos
por completo todas sus ciudades».

3 El Señor
oyó la petición de los israelitas y les dio la victoria sobre los cananeos. Así que los israelitas los destruyeron por completo junto con sus ciudades y desde entonces ese lugar se conoce como Horma.

4 La serpiente de bronce
Luego el pueblo de Israel salió del monte Hor y tomó el camino hacia el mar Rojo
para bordear la tierra de Edom; pero el pueblo se impacientó con tan larga jornada

5 y comenzó a hablar contra Dios y Moisés: «¿Por qué nos sacaron de Egipto para morir aquí en el desierto? —se quejaron—. Aquí no hay nada para comer ni agua para beber. ¡Además, detestamos este horrible maná!».

6 Entonces el Señor
envió serpientes venenosas entre el pueblo y muchos fueron mordidos y murieron.

7 Así que el pueblo acudió a Moisés y clamó: «Hemos pecado al hablar contra el Señor
y contra ti. Pide al Señor
que quite las serpientes».
Así pues, Moisés oró por el pueblo.

8 Entonces el Señor
le dijo a Moisés: «Haz la figura de una serpiente venenosa y átala a un poste. Todos los que sean mordidos vivirán tan solo con mirar la serpiente».

9 Así que Moisés hizo una serpiente de bronce y la ató a un poste. ¡Entonces los que eran mordidos por una serpiente miraban la serpiente de bronce y sanaban!

10 Viaje de Israel a Moab
Después, los israelitas viajaron a Obot y acamparon allí.

11 Luego siguieron a Ije-abarim, en el desierto situado en la frontera oriental de Moab.

12 De allí viajaron al valle del arroyo Zered y armaron el campamento.

13 Después partieron y acamparon en el otro lado del río Arnón, en el desierto junto al territorio amorreo. El río Arnón forma la frontera que divide a los moabitas de los amorreos.

14 Por esta razón
habla de la ciudad de Vaheb en la región de Sufa, de los barrancos del río Arnón,

15 y de los barrancos que se extienden hasta los asentamientos de Ar en la frontera de Moab.

16 De allí los israelitas viajaron a Beer,
el pozo donde el Señor
le dijo a Moisés: «Reúne al pueblo y yo les daré agua».

17 Allí los israelitas entonaron el siguiente canto:
«¡Brota, oh pozo!
¡Sí, canten sus alabanzas!

18 Canten de este pozo,
que príncipes excavaron,
que grandes líderes abrieron
con sus cetros y varas».
Luego los israelitas salieron del desierto y pasaron por Mataná,

19 Nahaliel y Bamot.

20 Después fueron al valle en Moab donde está la cima del monte Pisga, con vista a la tierra baldía.

21 Victoria sobre Sehón y Og
Después los israelitas enviaron embajadores a Sehón, rey de los amorreos, con el siguiente mensaje:

22 «Permítenos atravesar tu territorio. Tendremos cuidado de no pasar por tus campos y viñedos, ni siquiera beberemos agua de tus pozos. Seguiremos derecho por el camino real hasta que hayamos atravesado tu territorio».

23 Sin embargo, el rey Sehón rehusó permitirles atravesar su territorio. En cambio, movilizó a todo su ejército y atacó a Israel en el desierto y peleó con ellos en Jahaza.

24 Así que los israelitas los masacraron a filo de espada y ocuparon su tierra, desde el río Arnón hasta el río Jaboc. Avanzaron solo hasta los límites de los amonitas porque su frontera estaba fortificada.

25 De manera que Israel tomó todas las ciudades amorreas y se estableció en ellas, incluida la ciudad de Hesbón y sus aldeas vecinas.

26 Hesbón había sido la capital de Sehón, rey de los amorreos. Él había derrotado al rey moabita anterior y se había apoderado de toda su tierra hasta el río Arnón.

27 Por eso los poetas antiguos escribieron lo siguiente sobre él:
«¡Vengan a Hesbón y que sea reconstruida!
Que la ciudad de Sehón sea restaurada.

28 Un fuego ardiente salió de Hesbón,
un incendio de la ciudad de Sehón.
Quemó la ciudad de Ar en Moab;
destruyó a los gobernantes de las alturas de Arnón.

29 ¡Qué aflicción te espera, oh pueblo de Moab!
¡Están acabados, oh adoradores de Quemos!
Quemos dejó a sus hijos como refugiados,
a sus hijas como cautivas de Sehón, el rey amorreo.

30 Los hemos destruido por completo,
desde Hesbón hasta Dibón.
Los hemos exterminado por completo,
hasta lugares tan lejanos como Nofa y Medeba».

31 Así pues, el pueblo de Israel ocupó el territorio de los amorreos.

32 Después que Moisés envió hombres a explorar la región de Jazer, tomaron todas las ciudades de la región y expulsaron a los amorreos que vivían allí.

33 Luego volvieron y se marcharon por el camino que se dirige a Basán, pero Og, rey de Basán, los atacó con todo su pueblo en Edrei.

34 El Señor
le dijo a Moisés: «No le tengas miedo, porque yo te lo he entregado junto con toda su gente y su tierra. Haz con él lo mismo que hiciste con Sehón, rey de los amorreos, que gobernó en Hesbón».

35 Así que Israel mató al rey Og, a sus hijos y a todos sus súbditos; no quedó nadie con vida. Entonces Israel ocupó su territorio.

Números 21 Commentary

Chapter 21

The Canaanites of Arad destroyed. (1-3) The people murmuring, are plagued with fiery serpents, They repenting, are healed through the brazen serpent. (4-9) Further journeys of the Israelites. (10-20) Sihon and Og overcome, Their land possessed. (21-35)

Verses 1-3 Before the people began their march round the country of Edom, the king of Arad, a Canaanite, who inhabited the southern part of the country, attacked them in the wilderness, and took some prisoners. This was to lead the Israelites to look more thoroughly to the Lord.

Verses 4-9 The children of Israel were wearied by a long march round the land of Edom. They speak discontentedly of what God had done for them, and distrustfully of what he would do. What will they be pleased with, whom manna will not please? Let not the contempt which some cast on the word of God, make us value it less. It is the bread of life, substantial bread, and will nourish those who by faith feed upon it, to eternal life, whoever may call it light bread. We see the righteous judgment God brought upon them for murmuring. He sent fiery serpents among them, which bit or stung many to death. It is to be feared that they would not have owned the sin, if they had not felt the smart; but they relent under the rod. And God made a wonderful provision for their relief. The Jews themselves say it was not the sight of the brazen serpent that cured; but in looking up to it, they looked up to God as the Lord that healed them. There was much gospel in this. Our Saviour declared, ( john 3:14 john 3:15 ) , that as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so the Son of man must be lifted up, that whatsoever believeth in him, should not perish. Compare their disease and ours. Sin bites like a serpent, and stings like an adder. Compare the application of their remedy and ours. They looked and lived, and we, if we believe, shall not perish. It is by faith that we look unto Jesus, ( Hebrews 12:2 ) . Whosoever looked, however desperate his case, or feeble his sight, or distant his place, was certainly and perfectly cured. The Lord can relieve us from dangers and distresses, by means which human reason never would have devised. Oh that the venom of the old serpent, inflaming men's passions, and causing them to commit sins which end in their eternal destruction, were as sensibly felt, and the danger as plainly seen, as the Israelites felt pain from the bite of the fiery serpents, and feared the death which followed! Then none would shut their eyes to Christ, or turn from his gospel. Then a crucified Saviour would be so valued, that all things else would be accounted loss for him; then, without delay, and with earnestness and simplicity, all would apply to him in the appointed way, crying, Lord, save us; we perish! Nor would any abuse the freeness of Christ's salvation, while they reckoned the price which it cost him.

Verses 10-20 We have here the removes of the children of Israel, till they came to the plains of Moab, from whence they passed over Jordan into Canaan. The end of their pilgrimage was near. "They set forward." It were well if we did thus; and the nearer we come to heaven, were so much the more active and abundant in the work of the Lord. The wonderful success God granted to his people, is here spoken of, and, among the rest, their actions on the river Arnon, at Vaheb in Suphah, and other places on that river. In every stage of our lives, nay, in every step, we should notice what God has wrought for us; what he did at such a time, and what in such a place, ought to be distinctly remembered. God blessed his people with a supply of water. When we come to heaven, we shall remove to the well of life, the fountain of living waters. They received it with joy and thankfulness, which made the mercy doubly sweet. With joy must we draw water out of the wells of salvation, ( Isaiah 12:3 ) . As the brazen serpent was a figure of Christ, who is lifted up for our cure, so is this well a figure of the Spirit, who is poured forth for our comfort, and from whom flow to us rivers of living waters, ( john 7:38 john 7:39 ) . Does this well spring up in our souls? If so, we should take the comfort to ourselves, and give the glory to God. God promised to give water, but they must open the ground. God's favours must be expected in the use of such means as are within our power, but still the power is only of God.

Verses 21-35 Sihon went with his forces against Israel, out of his own borders, without provocation, and so ran upon his own ruin. The enemies of God's church often perish by the counsels they think most wisely taken. Og, king of Bashan, instead of being warned by the fate of his neighbours, to make peace with Israel, makes war with them, which proves in like manner his destruction. Wicked men do their utmost to secure themselves and their possessions against the judgments of God; but all in vain, when the day comes on which they must fall. God gave Israel success, while Moses was with them, that he might see the beginning of the glorious work, though he must not live to see it finished. This was, in comparison, but as the day of small things, yet it was an earnest of great things. We must prepare for fresh conflicts and enemies. We must make no peace or truce with the powers of darkness, nor even treat with them; nor should we expect any pause in our contest. But, trusting in God, and obeying his commands, we shall be more than conquerors over every enemy.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBERS 21

This chapter gives an account of the defeat of King Arad, the Canaanite, Nu 21:1-3 of the murmurings of the children of Israel, because of difficulties in travelling round, the land of Edom, for which they were punished with fiery serpents, Nu 21:4-6 and how that upon their repentance a brazen serpent was ordered to be made, and to be erected on a pole, that whoever looked to it might live, Nu 21:7-9 and of the several journeys and stations of the children of Israel, until they came to the land of the Amorites, Nu 21:10-20, when they sent a message to Sihon their king, to desire him to grant them a passage through his country; but he refusing, they fought with him, smote him, and possessed his land, concerning which many proverbial sayings were used, Nu 21:21-32 and the chapter is concluded with the defeat of Og, king of Bashan, Nu 21:33-35.