Exodus 3

1 En Mozes hoedde de kudde van Jethro, zijn schoonvader, de priester in Midian; en hij leidde de kudde achter de woestijn, en hij kwam aan den berg Gods, aan Horeb.

2 En de Engel des HEEREN verscheen hem in een vuurvlam uit het midden van een braambos; en hij zag, en ziet, het braambos brandde in het vuur, en het braambos werd niet verteerd.

3 En Mozes zeide: Ik zal mij nu daarheen wenden, en bezien dat grote gezicht, waarom het braambos niet verbrandt.

4 Toen de HEERE zag, dat hij zich daarheen wendde, om te bezien, zo riep God tot hem uit het midden van het braambos, en zeide: Mozes, Mozes! En hij zeide: Zie, hier ben ik!

5 En Hij zeide: Nader hier niet toe; trek uw schoenen uit van uw voeten; want de plaats, waarop gij staat, is heilig land.

6 Hij zeide voorts: Ik ben de God uws vaders, de God van Abraham, de God van Izak en de God van Jakob. En Mozes verborg zijn aangezicht, want hij vreesde God aan te zien.

7 En de HEERE zeide: Ik heb zeer wel gezien de verdrukking Mijns volks, hetwelk in Egypte is, en heb hun geschrei gehoord, vanwege hun drijvers; want Ik heb hun smarten bekend.

8 Daarom ben Ik nedergekomen, dat Ik het verlosse uit de hand der Egyptenaren, en het opvoere uit dit land, naar een goed en ruim land, naar een land, vloeiende van melk en honig, tot de plaats der Kanaanieten, en der Hethieten, en der Amorieten, en der Ferezieten, en der Hevieten, en der Jebusieten.

9 En nu, zie, het geschrei der kinderen Israels is tot Mij gekomen; en ook heb Ik gezien de verdrukking, waarmede de Egyptenaars hen verdrukken.

10 Zo kom nu, en Ik zal u tot Farao zenden, opdat gij Mijn volk (de kinderen Israels) uit Egypte voert.

11 Toen zeide Mozes tot God: Wie ben ik, dat ik tot Farao zou gaan; en dat ik de kinderen Israels uit Egypte zou voeren?

12 Hij dan zeide: Ik zal voorzeker met u zijn, en dit zal u een teken zijn, dat Ik u gezonden heb: wanneer gij dit volk uit Egypte geleid hebt, zult gijlieden God dienen op dezen berg.

13 Toen zeide Mozes tot God: Zie, wanneer ik kom tot de kinderen Israels, en zeg tot hen: De God uwer vaderen heeft mij tot ulieden gezonden; en zij mij zeggen: Hoe is Zijn naam? wat zal ik tot hen zeggen?

14 En God zeide tot Mozes: Ik ZAL ZIJN,, Die Ik ZIJN ZAL! Ook zeide Hij: Alzo zult gij tot de kinderen Israels zeggen: Ik ZAL ZIJN heeft mij tot ulieden gezonden!

15 Toen zeide God verder tot Mozes: Aldus zult gij tot de kinderen Israels zeggen: De HEERE, de God uwer vaderen, de God van Abraham, de God van Izak, en de God van Jakob, heeft mij tot ulieden gezonden; dat is Mijn Naam eeuwiglijk, en dat is Mijn gedachtenis van geslacht tot geslacht.

16 Ga heen, en verzamel de oudsten van Israel, en zeg tot hen: De HEERE, de God uwer vaderen, is mij verschenen, de God van Abraham, Izak en Jakob, zeggende: Ik heb ulieden getrouwelijk bezocht, en hetgeen ulieden in Egypte is aangedaan;

17 Daarom heb Ik gezegd: Ik zal ulieden uit de verdrukking van Egypte opvoeren, tot het land der Kanaanieten, en der Hethieten, en der Amorieten, en der Ferezieten, en der Hevieten, en der Jebusieten; tot het land, vloeiende van melk en honig.

18 En zij zullen uw stem horen; en gij zult gaan, gij en de oudsten van Israel, tot den koning van Egypte, en gijlieden zult tot hem zeggen: De HEERE, de God der Hebreen, is ons ontmoet; zo laat ons nu toch gaan den weg van drie dagen in de woestijn, opdat wij den HEERE, onzen God, offeren!

19 Doch Ik weet, dat de koning van Egypte ulieden niet zal laten gaan, ook niet door een sterke hand.

20 Want Ik zal Mijn hand uitstrekken, en Egypte slaan met al Mijn wonderen, die Ik in het midden van hetzelve doen zal; daarna zal hij ulieden laten vertrekken.

21 En Ik zal dit volk genade geven in de ogen der Egyptenaren; en het zal geschieden, wanneer gijlieden uitgaan zult, zo zult gij niet ledig uitgaan.

22 Maar elke vrouw zal van haar naburin, en van de waardin haars huizes, eisen zilveren vaten, en gouden vaten, en klederen; die zult gijlieden op uw zonen, en op uw dochteren leggen, en gij zult Egypte beroven.

Exodus 3 Commentary

Chapter 3

God appears to Moses in a burning bush. (1-6) God sends Moses to deliver Israel. (7-10) The name Jehovah. (11-15) The deliverance of the Israelites promised. (16-22)

Verses 1-6 The years of the life of Moses are divided into three forties; the first forty he spent as a prince in Pharaoh's court, the second as a shepherd in Midian, the third as a king in Jeshurun. How changeable is the life of man! The first appearance of God to Moses, found him tending sheep. This seems a poor employment for a man of his parts and education, yet he rests satisfied with it; and thus learns meekness and contentment, for which he is more noted in sacred writ, than for all his learning. Satan loves to find us idle; God is pleased when he finds us employed. Being alone, is a good friend to our communion with God. To his great surprise, Moses saw a bush burning without fire to kindle it. The bush burned, and yet did not burn away; an emblem of the church in bondage in Egypt. And it fitly reminds us of the church in every age, under its severest persecutions kept by the presence of God from being destroyed. Fire is an emblem, in Scripture, of the Divine holiness and justice, also of the afflictions and trials with which God proves and purifies his people, and even of that baptism of the Holy Ghost, by which sinful affections are consumed, and the soul changed into the Divine nature and image. God gave Moses a gracious call, to which he returned a ready answer. Those that would have communion with God, must attend upon him in the ordinances wherein he is pleased to manifest himself and his glory, though it be in a bush. Putting off the shoe was a token of respect and submission. We ought to draw nigh to God with a solemn pause and preparation, carefully avoiding every thing that looks light and rude, and unbecoming his service. God does not say, I was the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, but I am. The patriarchs still live, so many years after their bodies have been in the grave. No length of time can separate the souls of the just from their Maker. By this, God instructed Moses as to another world, and strengthened his belief of a future state. Thus it is interpreted by our Lord Jesus, who, from hence, proves that the dead are raised, Lu. 20:37 . Moses hid his face, as if both ashamed and afraid to look upon God. The more we see of God, and his grace, and covenant love, the more cause we shall see to worship him with reverence and godly fear.

Verses 7-10 God notices the afflictions of Israel. Their sorrows; even the secret sorrows of God's people are known to him. Their cry; God hears the cries of his afflicted people. The oppression they endured; the highest and greatest of their oppressors are not above him. God promises speedy deliverance by methods out of the common ways of providence. Those whom God, by his grace, delivers out of a spiritual Egypt, he will bring to a heavenly Canaan.

Verses 11-15 Formerly Moses thought himself able to deliver Israel, and set himself to the work too hastily. Now, when the fittest person on earth for it, he knows his own weakness. This was the effect of more knowledge of God and of himself. Formerly, self-confidence mingled with strong faith and great zeal, now sinful distrust of God crept in under the garb of humility; so defective are the strongest graces and the best duties of the most eminent saints. But all objections are answered in, Certainly I will be with thee. That is enough. Two names God would now be known by. A name that denotes what he is in himself, I AM THAT I AM. This explains his name Jehovah, and signifies, 1. That he is self-existent: he has his being of himself. 2. That he is eternal and unchangeable, and always the same, yesterday, to-day, and for ever. 3. That he is incomprehensible; we cannot by searching find him out: this name checks all bold and curious inquiries concerning God. 4. That he is faithful and true to all his promises, unchangeable in his word as well as in his nature; let Israel know this, I AM hath sent me unto you. I am, and there is none else besides me. All else have their being from God, and are wholly dependent upon him. Also, here is a name that denotes what God is to his people. The Lord God of your fathers sent me unto you. Moses must revive among them the religion of their fathers, which was almost lost; and then they might expect the speedy performance of the promises made unto their fathers.

Verses 16-22 Moses' success with the elders of Israel would be good. God, who, by his grace, inclines the heart, and opens the ear, could say beforehand, They shall hearken to thy voice; for he would make them willing in this day of power. As to Pharaoh, Moses is here told that petitions and persuasions, and humble complaints, would not prevail with him; nor a mighty hand stretched out in signs and wonders. But those will certainly be broken by the power of God's hand, who will not bow to the power of his word. Pharaoh's people should furnish Israel with riches at their departure. In Pharaoh's tyranny and Israel's oppression, we see the miserable, abject state of sinners. However galling the yoke, they drudge on till the Lord sends redemption. With the invitations of the gospel, God sends the teaching of his Spirit. Thus are men made willing to seek and to strive for deliverance. Satan loses his power to hold them, they come forth with all they have and are, and apply all to the glory of God and the service of his church.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO EXODUS 2

In this chapter we are informed how that the Lord appeared to Moses in a bush on fire, but not consumed, Ex 3:1-6, declared unto him that he had seen and observed the afflictions of the children of Israel, and was determined to deliver them, Ex 3:7-9, that he gave him a call to be the deliverer of them, answered his objections to it, and instructed him what he should say, both to the elders of Israel and to Pharaoh, Ex 3:10-18, and assured him, that though at first Pharaoh would refuse to let them go, yet after many miracles wrought, he would be willing to dismiss them, when they should depart with great substance, Ex 3:19-22.