Handelingen 20

1 Nadat nu het oproer gestild was, Paulus, de discipelen tot zich geroepen en gegroet hebbende, ging uit om naar Macedonie te reizen.

2 En als hij die delen doorgereisd, en hen met vele redenen vermaand had, kwam hij in Griekenland.

3 En als hij aldaar drie maanden overgebracht had, en hem van de Joden lagen gelegd werden, als hij naar Syrie zoude varen, zo werd hij van zin weder te keren door Macedonie.

4 En hem vergezelschapte tot in Azie Sopater van Berea; en van de Thessalonicensen Aristarchus en Sekundus; en Gajus van Derbe, en Timotheus en van die van Azie Tychikus en Trofimus.

5 Dezen, vooraf heengegaan zijnde, wachtten ons te Troas.

6 Wij nu scheepten af van Filippi na de dagen der ongehevelde broden, en kwamen in vijf dagen bij hen te Troas, alwaar wij ons zeven dagen onthielden.

7 En op den eersten dag der week, als de discipelen bijeengekomen waren om brood te breken, handelde Paulus met hen, zullende des anderen daags verreizen; en hij strekte zijne rede uit tot den middernacht.

8 En er waren vele lichten in de opperzaal waar zij vergaderd waren.

9 En een zeker jongeling, met name Eutychus, zat in het venster en met een diepen slaap overvallen zijnde, alzo Paulus lang tot hen sprak, door den slaap nederstortende, viel van de derde zoldering nederwaarts, en werd dood opgenomen.

10 Doch Paulus, afgekomen zijnde, viel op hem, en hem omvangende, zeide hij: Weest niet beroerd; want zijn ziel is in hem.

11 En als hij weder boven gegaan was, en brood gebroken en wat gegeten had, en lang, tot den dageraad toe, met hen gesproken had, vertrok hij alzo.

12 En zij brachten den knecht levende, en waren bovenmate vertroost.

13 Maar wij, vooruit naar het schip gegaan zijnde, voeren af naar Assus, waar wij Paulus zouden innemen; want hij had het alzo bevolen, en hijzelf zou te voet gaan.

14 En als hij zich te Assus bij ons gevoegd had, namen wij hem in, en kwamen te Mitylene.

15 En van daar afgescheept zijnde, kwamen wij den volgenden dag tegen Chios over, en des anderen daags legden wij aan te Samos, en bleven te Trogyllion, en den dag daaraan kwamen wij te Milete.

16 Want Paulus had voorgenomen Efeze voorbij te varen, opdat hij niet den tijd in Azie zou verslijten; want hij spoedde zich, om (zo het hem mogelijk ware) op den pinksterdag te Jeruzalem te zijn.

17 Maar hij zond van Milete naar Efeze, en hij ontbood de ouderlingen der Gemeente.

18 En als zij tot hem gekomen waren, zeide hij tot hen: Gijlieden weet, van den eersten dag af, dat ik in Azie ben aangekomen, hoe ik bij u den gansen tijd geweest ben;

19 Dienende den Heere met alle ootmoedigheid, en vele tranen, en verzoekingen, die mij overkomen zijn door de lagen der Joden;

20 Hoe ik niets achtergehouden heb van hetgeen nuttig was, dat ik u niet zou verkondigd en u geleerd hebben, in het openbaar en bij de huizen;

21 Betuigende, beiden Joden en Grieken, de bekering tot God en het geloof in onzen Heere Jezus Christus.

22 En nu ziet, ik, gebonden zijnde door den Geest, reis naar Jeruzalem, niet wetende, wat mij daar ontmoeten zal;

23 Dan dat de Heilige Geest van stad tot stad betuigt, zeggende, dat mij banden en verdrukkingen aanstaande zijn.

24 Maar ik acht op geen ding, noch houde mijn leven dierbaar voor mijzelven, opdat ik mijn loop met blijdschap mag volbrengen, en den dienst, welken ik van den Heere Jezus ontvangen heb, om te betuigen het Evangelie der genade Gods.

25 En nu ziet, ik weet, dat gij allen, waar ik doorgegaan ben, predikende het Koninkrijk Gods, mijn aangezicht niet meer zien zult.

26 Daarom betuig ik ulieden op deze huidigen dag, dat ik rein ben van het bloed van u allen.

27 Want ik heb niet achtergehouden, dat ik u niet zou verkondigd hebben al den raad Gods.

28 Zo hebt dan acht op uzelven en op de gehele kudde, over dewelke u de Heilige Geest tot opzieners gesteld heeft, om de Gemeente Gods te weiden, welke Hij verkregen heeft door Zijn eigen bloed.

29 Want dit weet ik, dat na mijn vertrek zware wolven tot u inkomen zullen, die de kudde niet sparen.

30 En uit uzelven zullen mannen opstaan, sprekende verkeerde dingen, om de discipelen af te trekken achter zich.

31 Daarom waakt, en gedenkt, dat ik drie jaren lang nacht en dag, niet opgehouden heb een iegelijk met tranen te vermanen.

32 En nu, broeders, ik bevele u Gode, en den woorde Zijner genade, Die machtig is u op te bouwen, en u een erfdeel te geven onder al de geheiligden.

33 Ik heb niemands zilver, of goud, of kleding begeerd.

34 En gijzelve weet, dat deze handen tot mijn nooddruft, en dergenen, die met mij waren, gediend hebben.

35 Ik heb u in alles getoond, dat men, alzo arbeidende, de zwakken moet opnemen, en gedenken aan de woorden van den Heere Jezus, dat Hij gezegd heeft: Het is zaliger te geven, dan te ontvangen.

36 En als hij dit gezegd had, heeft hij nederknielende met hen allen gebeden.

37 En er werd een groot geween van hen allen; en zij, vallende om den hals van Paulus, kusten hem;

38 Zeer bedroefd zijnde, allermeest over het woord, dat hij gezegd had, dat zij zijn aangezicht niet meer zien zouden; en zij geleidden hem naar het schip.

Handelingen 20 Commentary

Chapter 20

Paul's journeys. (1-6) Eutychus restored to life. (7-12) Paul travels towards Jerusalem. (13-16) Paul's discourse to the elders of Ephesus. (17-27) Their farewell. (28-38)

Verses 1-6 Tumults or opposition may constrain a Christian to remove from his station or alter his purpose, but his work and his pleasure will be the same, wherever he goes. Paul thought it worth while to bestow five days in going to Troas, though it was but for seven days' stay there; but he knew, and so should we, how to redeem even journeying time, and to make it turn to some good account.

Verses 7-12 Though the disciples read, and meditated, and prayed, and sung apart, and thereby kept up communion with God, yet they came together to worship God, and so kept up their communion with one another. They came together on the first day of the week, the Lord's day. It is to be religiously observed by all disciples of Christ. In the breaking of the bread, not only the breaking of Christ's body for us, to be a sacrifice for our sins, is remembered, but the breaking of Christ's body to us, to be food and a feast for our souls, is signified. In the early times it was the custom to receive the Lord's supper every Lord's day, thus celebrating the memorial of Christ's death. In this assembly Paul preached. The preaching of the gospel ought to go with the sacraments. They were willing to hear, he saw they were so, and continued his speech till midnight. Sleeping when hearing the word, is an evil thing, a sign of low esteem of the word of God. We must do what we can to prevent being sleepy; not put ourselves to sleep, but get our hearts affected with the word we hear, so as to drive sleep far away. Infirmity requires tenderness; but contempt requires severity. It interrupted the apostle's preaching; but was made to confirm his preaching. Eutychus was brought to life again. And as they knew not when they should have Paul's company again, they made the best use of it they could, and reckoned a night's sleep well lost for that purpose. How seldom are hours of repose broken for the purposes of devotion! but how often for mere amusement or sinful revelry! So hard is it for spiritual life to thrive in the heart of man! so naturally do carnal practices flourish there!

Verses 13-16 Paul hastened to Jerusalem, but tried to do good by the way, when going from place to place, as every good man should do. In doing God's work, our own wills and those of our friends must often be crossed; we must not spend time with them when duty calls us another way.

Verses 17-27 The elders knew that Paul was no designing, self-seeking man. Those who would in any office serve the Lord acceptably, and profitably to others, must do it with humility. He was a plain preacher, one that spoke his message so as to be understood. He was a powerful preacher; he preached the gospel as a testimony to them if they received it; but as a testimony against them if they rejected it. He was a profitable preacher; one that aimed to inform their judgments, and reform their hearts and lives. He was a painful preacher, very industrious in his work. He was a faithful preacher; he did not keep back reproofs when necessary, nor keep back the preaching of the cross. He was a truly Christian, evangelical preacher; he did not preach notions or doubtful matters; nor affairs of state or the civil government; but he preached faith and repentance. A better summary of these things, without which there is no salvation, cannot be given: even repentance towards God, and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ, with their fruits and effects. Without these no sinner can escape, and with these none will come short of eternal life. Let them not think that Paul left Asia for fear of persecution; he was in full expectation of trouble, yet resolved to go on, well assured that it was by Divine direction. Thanks be to God that we know not the things which shall befall us during the year, the week, the day which has begun. It is enough for the child of God to know that his strength shall be equal to his day. He knows not, he would not know, what the day before him shall bring forth. The powerful influences of the Holy Spirit bind the true Christian to his duty. Even when he expects persecution and affliction, the love of Christ constrains him to proceed. None of these things moved Paul from his work; they did not deprive him of his comfort. It is the business of our life to provide for a joyful death. Believing that this was the last time they should see him, he appeals concerning his integrity. He had preached to them the whole counsel of God. As he had preached to them the gospel purely, so he had preached it to them entire; he faithfully did his work, whether men would bear or forbear.

Verses 28-38 If the Holy Ghost has made ministers overseers of the flock, that is, shepherds, they must be true to their trust. Let them consider their Master's concern for the flock committed to their charge. It is the church He has purchased with his own blood. The blood was his as Man; yet so close is the union between the Divine and human nature, that it is there called the blood of God, for it was the blood of Him who is God. This put such dignity and worth into it, as to ransom believers from all evil, and purchase all good. Paul spake about their souls with affection and concern. They were full of care what would become of them. Paul directs them to look up to God with faith, and commends them to the word of God's grace, not only as the foundation of their hope and the fountain of their joy, but as the rule of their walking. The most advanced Christians are capable of growing, and will find the word of grace help their growth. As those cannot be welcome guests to the holy God who are unsanctified; so heaven would be no heaven to them; but to all who are born again, and on whom the image of God is renewed, it is sure, as almighty power and eternal truth make it so. He recommends himself to them as an example of not caring as to things of the present world; this they would find help forward their comfortable passage through it. It might seem a hard saying, therefore Paul adds to it a saying of their Master's, which he would have them always remember; "It is more blessed to give than to receive:" it seems they were words often used to his disciples. The opinion of the children of this world, is contrary to this; they are afraid of giving, unless in hope of getting. Clear gain, is with them the most blessed thing that can be; but Christ tell us what is more blessed, more excellent. It makes us more like to God, who gives to all, and receives from none; and to the Lord Jesus, who went about doing good. This mind was in Christ Jesus, may it be in us also. It is good for friends, when they part, to part with prayer. Those who exhort and pray for one another, may have many weeping seasons and painful separations, but they will meet before the throne of God, to part no more. It was a comfort to all, that the presence of Christ both went with him and stayed with them.