Lièwángjìshang 1

1 Dàwèi wáng niánjì lǎomaì , suī yòng beì zhēgaì , réng bù jué nuǎn .

2 Suǒyǐ chénpú duì tā shuō , bù rú wèi wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng xúnzhǎo yī gè chǔnǚ , shǐ tā cìhou wáng , fèng yǎng wáng , shuì zaì wáng de huái zhōng , hǎo jiào wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng dé nuǎn .

3 Yúshì zaì Yǐsèliè quán jìng xúnzhǎo mĕimào de tóngnǚ , xún dé shū niàn de yī gè tóngnǚ yà bǐ shā , jiù daì dào wáng nàli .

4 Zhè tóngnǚ jíqí mĕimào , tā fèng yǎng wáng , cìhou wáng , wáng què méiyǒu yǔ tā qīnjìn .

5 Nàshí , hā jí de érzi yà duō ní yǎ zì zūn , shuō , wǒ bì zuò wáng , jiù wèi zìjǐ yùbeì chēliàng , mǎ bīng , yòu paì wǔ shí rén zaì tā qiántou bēnzǒu .

6 Tā fùqin sùlái méiyǒu shǐ tā yōu mēn , shuō , nǐ shì zuò shénme ne . tā shén jùnmĕi , shēng zaì Yēshālóng zhī hòu .

7 Yàduōníyǎ yǔ xǐ lǔ yǎ de érzi Yuēyē , hé jìsī yà bǐ yà tā shāngyì . èr rén jiù shùncóng tā , bāngzhu tā .

8 Dàn jìsī Sādū , Yéhéyédà de érzi Bǐnáyǎ , xiānzhī Nádān, Shìmĕi , lì yǐ , bìng Dàwèi de yǒng shì dōu bù shùncóng yà duō ní yǎ .

9 Yī rì , yà duō ní yǎ zaì yǐn luó jié páng , suǒ xī liè pánshí nàli zǎi le niú yáng , féi dú , qǐng tāde zhū dìxiōng , jiù shì wáng de zhòng zǐ , bìng suǒ yǒu zuò wáng chénpú de Yóudà rén .

10 Wéidú xiānzhī Nádān hé Bǐnáyǎ bìng yǒng shì , yǔ tāde xiōngdi Suǒluómén , tā dōu méiyǒu qǐng .

11 Ná dān duì Suǒluómén de mǔqin bá Shìbā shuō , hā jí de érzi yà duō ní yǎ zuò wáng le , nǐ méiyǒu tīngjian ma . wǒmen de zhǔ Dàwèi què bù zhīdào .

12 Xiànzaì wǒ kĕyǐ gĕi nǐ chū gè zhǔyì , hǎo bǎoquán nǐ hé nǐ érzi Suǒluómén de xìngméng .

13 Nǐ jìn qù jiàn Dàwèi wáng , duì tā shuō , wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng a , nǐ bù céng xiàng bìnǚ qǐshì shuō , nǐ érzi Suǒluómén bì jiēxù wǒ zuò wáng , zuò zaì wǒde wèi shàng ma . xiànzaì yà duō ní yǎ zĕnme zuò le wáng ne .

14 Nǐ hái yǔ wáng shuōhuà de shíhou , wǒ yĕ suíhòu jìn qù , zhèngshí nǐde huà .

15 Bá Shìbā jìnrù neì shì jiàn wáng , wáng shén lǎomaì , shū niàn de tóngnǚ yà bǐ shā zhēng cìhou wáng .

16 Bá Shìbā xiàng wáng qū shēn xià baì . wáng shuō , nǐ yào shénme .

17 Tā shuō , wǒ zhǔ a , nǐ céng xiàng bìnǚ zhǐ zhe Yēhéhuá nǐde shén qǐshì shuō , nǐ érzi Suǒluómén bì jiēxù wǒ zuò wáng , zuò zaì wǒde wèi shàng .

18 Xiànzaì yà duō ní yǎ zuò wáng le , wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng què bù zhīdào .

19 Tā zǎi le xǔduō niú yáng , féi dú , qǐng le wáng de zhòng zǐ hé jìsī yà bǐ yà tā , bìng yuán shuaì Yuēyē . wéidú wáng de púrén Suǒluómén , tā méiyǒu qǐng .

20 Wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng a , Yǐsèliè zhòngrén de yǎnmù dōu yǎngwàng nǐ , dĕng nǐ xiǎoyù tāmen , zaì wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng zhī hòu shuí zuò nǐde wèi .

21 Ruò bù rán , dào wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng yǔ lièzǔ tóng shuì yǐhòu , wǒ hé wǒ érzi Suǒluómén bì suàn wèi zuì rén le .

22 Bá Shìbā hái yǔ wáng shuōhuà de shíhou , xiānzhī Nádān yĕ jìnlái le .

23 Yǒu rén zòu gào wáng shuō , xiānzhī Nádān lái le . Nádān jìn dào wáng qián , liǎn fú yú dì .

24 Ná dān shuō , wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng guǒrán yīngxǔ yà duō ní yǎ shuō nǐ bì jiēxù wǒ zuò wáng , zuò zaì wǒde wèi shàng ma .

25 Tā jīnrì xià qù , zǎi le xǔduō niú yáng , féi dú , qǐng le wáng de zhòng zǐ hé jūnzhǎng , bìng jìsī yà bǐ yà tā . tāmen zhèngzaì yà duō ní yǎ miànqián chī hē , shuō , yuàn yà duō ní yǎ wáng wàn suì .

26 Wéidú wǒ , jiù shì nǐde púrén hé jìsī Sādū , Yéhéyédà de érzi Bǐnáyǎ , bìng wáng de púrén Suǒluómén , tā dōu méiyǒu qǐng .

27 Zhè shì guǒrán chū hū wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng ma . wáng què méiyǒu gàosu púrén men , zaì wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng zhī hòu shuí zuò nǐde wèi .

28 Dàwèi wáng fēnfu shuō , jiào bá Shìbā lái . bá Shìbā jiù jìnlái , zhàn zaì wáng miànqián .

29 Wáng qǐshì shuō , wǒ zhǐ zhe jiù wǒ xìngméng tuōlí yīqiè kǔnàn , yǒngshēng de Yēhéhuá qǐshì .

30 Wǒ jìrán zhǐ zhe Yēhéhuá Yǐsèliè de shén xiàng nǐ qǐshì shuō , nǐ érzi Suǒluómén bì jiēxù wǒ zuò wáng , zuò zaì wǒde wèi shàng . wǒ jīnrì jiù bì zhào zhè huà ér xíng .

31 Yúshì , bá Shìbā liǎn fú yú dì , xiàng wáng xià baì , shuō , yuàn wǒ zhǔ Dàwèi wáng wàn suì .

32 Dàwèi wáng yòu fēnfu shuō , jiāng jìsī Sādū , xiānzhī Nádān , Yéhéyédà de érzi Bǐnáyǎ zhào lái . tāmen jiù dōu lái dào wáng miànqián .

33 Wáng duì tāmen shuō , yào daìlǐng nǐmen zhǔ de púrén , shǐ wǒ érzi Suǒluómén qí wǒde luó zǐ , sòng tā xià dào Jīxùn .

34 Zaì nàli , jìsī Sādū hé xiānzhī Nádān yào gāo tā zuò Yǐsèliè de wáng . nǐmen yĕ yào chuī jiǎo , shuō , yuàn Suǒluómén wáng wàn suì .

35 Ránhòu yào gēnsuí tā shàng lái , shǐ tā zuò zaì wǒde wèi shàng , jiēxù wǒ zuò wáng . wǒ yǐ lì tā zuò Yǐsèliè hé Yóudà de jūn .

36 Yéhéyédà de érzi Bǐnáyǎ duì wáng shuō , āmén . yuàn Yēhéhuá wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng de shén yĕ zhèyàng méngdéng .

37 Yēhéhuá zĕnyàng yǔ wǒ zhǔ wǒ wáng tóng zaì , yuàn tā zhàoyàng yǔ Suǒluómén tóng zaì , shǐ tāde guó wèi bǐ wǒ zhǔ Dàwèi wáng de guó wèi gèng dà .

38 Yúshì , jìsī Sādū , xiānzhī Nádān , Yéhéyédà de érzi Bǐnáyǎ , hé jī lì tí rén , Bǐlì tí rén dōu xià qù shǐ Suǒluómén qí Dàwèi wáng de luó zǐ , jiāng tā sòng dào Jīxùn .

39 Jìsī Sādū jiù cóng zhàngmù zhōng qǔ le shèng gào yóu de jiǎo lái , yòng gāo gāo Suǒluómén . rén jiù chuī jiǎo, zhòng mín dōu shuō , yuàn Suǒluómén wáng wàn suì .

40 Zhòng mín gēnsuí tā shàng lái , qiĕ chuī dí , dàdà huānhū , shēngyīn zhèn dì .

41 Yàduōníyǎ hé suǒ qǐng de zhòng kè yán yàn fāng bì , tīngjian zhè shēngyīn . Yuēyē tīngjian jiǎo shēng jiù shuō , chéng zhōng wèihé yǒu zhè xiǎngshēng ne .

42 Tā zhēng shuōhuà de shíhou , jìsī yà bǐ yà tāde érzi Yuēná cdān lái le . yà duō ní yǎ duì tā shuō , jìnlái ba . nǐ shì gè zhōng yì de rén , bì shì bào hǎo xìnxī .

43 Yuēnádān duì yà duō ní yǎ shuō , wǒmen de zhǔ Dàwèi wáng chéngrán lì Suǒluómén wèi wáng le .

44 Wáng chāiqiǎn jìsī Sādū , xiānzhī Nádān , Yéhéyédà de érzi Bǐnáyǎ , hé jī lì tí rén , Bǐlì tí rén dōu qù shǐ Suǒluómén qí wáng de luó zǐ .

45 Jìsī Sādū hé xiānzhī Nádān zaì Jīxùn yǐjing gāo tā zuò wáng . zhòngrén dōu cóng nàli huānhū zhe shàng lái , shēngyīn shǐ chéng zhèndòng , zhè jiù shì nǐmen suǒ tīngjian de shēngyīn .

46 Bìngqiĕ Suǒluómén dēng le guó wèi .

47 Wáng de chénpú yĕ lái wèi wǒmen de zhǔ Dàwèi wáng zhùfú , shuō , yuàn wáng de shén shǐ Suǒluómén de míng bǐ wáng de míng gèng zūnróng . shǐ tāde guó wèi bǐ wáng de guó wèi gèng dà . wáng jiù zaì chuáng shàng qū shēn xià baì .

48 Wáng yòu shuō , Yēhéhuá Yǐsèliè de shén shì yīngdāng chēngsòng de . yīn tā cì wǒ yī rén jīnrì zuò zaì wǒde wèi shàng , wǒ yĕ qīnyǎn kànjian le .

49 Yàduōníyǎ de zhòng kè tīngjian zhè huà jiù dōu jīng jù , qǐlai sì sǎn .

50 Yàduōníyǎ jùpà Suǒluómén , jiù qǐlai , qù zhuāzhù jìtán de jiǎo .

51 Yǒu rén gàosu Suǒluómén shuō , yà duō ní yǎ jùpà Suǒluómén wáng , xiànzaì zhuāzhù jìtán de jiǎo , shuō , yuàn Suǒluómén wáng jīnrì xiàng wǒ qǐshì , bì búyòng dāo shā púrén .

52 Suǒluómén shuō , tā ruò zuò zhōng yì de rén , lián yī gēn tóufa yĕ bù zhì luō zaì dì shàng . tā ruò xíng è , bìyào sǐwáng .

53 Yúshì Suǒluómén wáng chāiqiǎn rén , shǐ yà duō ní yǎ cóng tán shàng xià lái , tā jiù lái , xiàng Suǒluómén wáng xià baì . Suǒluómén duì tā shuō , nǐ huí jiā qù ba .

Lièwángjìshang 1 Commentary

Chapter 1

The history now before us accounts for the affairs of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel, yet with special regard to the kingdom of God among them; for it is a sacred history. It is earlier as to time, teaches much more, and is more interesting than any common histories.

David's declining age. (1-4) Adonijah aspires to the throne. (5-10) David makes Solomon king. (11-31) Solomon is anointed king, and Adonijah's usurpation stopped. (32-53)

Verses 1-4 We have David sinking under infirmities. He was chastised for his recent sins, and felt the effects of his former toils and hardships.

Verses 5-10 Indulgent parents are often chastised with disobedient children, who are anxious to possess their estates. No worldly wisdom, nor experience, nor sacredness of character, can insure the continuance in any former course of those who remain under the power of self-love. But we may well wonder by what arts Joab and Abiathar could be drawn aside.

Verses 11-31 Observe Nathan's address to Bathsheba. Let me give thee counsel how to save thy own life, and the life of thy son. Such as this is the counsel Christ's ministers give us in his name, to give all diligence, not only that no man take our crown, Re. 3:11 , but that we save our lives, even the lives of our souls. David made a solemn declaration of his firm cleaving to his former resolution, that Solomon should be his successor. Even the recollection of the distresses from which the Lord redeemed him, increased his comfort, inspired his hopes, and animated him to his duty, under the decays of nature and the approach of death.

Verses 32-53 The people expressed great joy and satisfaction in the elevation of Solomon. Every true Israelite rejoices in the exaltation of the Son of David. Combinations formed upon evil principles will soon be dissolved, when self-interest calls another way. How can those who do evil deeds expect to have good tidings? Adonijah had despised Solomon, but soon dreaded him. We see here, as in a glass, Jesus, the Son of David and the Son of God, exalted to the throne of glory, notwithstanding all his enemies. His kingdom is far greater than that of his father David, and therein all the true people of God cordially rejoice. The prosperity of his cause is vexation and terror to his enemies. No horns of the altar, nor forms of godliness, nor pretences to religion, can profit those who will not submit to His authority, and accept of his salvation; and if their submission be hypocritical, they shall perish without remedy.

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST KINGS

This, and the following book, properly are but one book, divided into two parts, and went with the Jews under the common name of Kings. This, in the Syriac version, is called the Book of Kings; and in the Arabic version, the Book of Solomon, the Son of David the Prophet, because it begins with his reign upon the death of his father; and, in the Vulgate Latin version, the Third Book of Kings, the two preceding books of Samuel being sometimes called the First and Second Books of Kings, they containing the reigns of Saul and David; and in the Septuagint version both this and the following book are called Kingdoms, because they treat of the kingdom of Israel and Judah, after the division in the times of Rehoboam, son of Solomon, and of the several kings of them; as of Solomon before the division, so afterwards of the kings of Judah; Rehoboam, Abijam, Asa, Jehoshaphat, Jehoram, Ahaziah, Jehoash, Amaziah, Uzziah or Azariah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, Manasseh, Amon, Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah; and of the kings of Israel, Jeroboam, Nadab, Baasha, Elah, Zimri, Omri, Ahab, Ahaziah, Jehu, Jehoahaz, Jehoash, Jeroboam the son of Joash, Zachariah, Shallum, Menahem, Pekahiah, Pekah, and Hoshea; so that these books may, with great propriety, be called the books or histories of the kings in the two kingdoms of Judah and Israel: who they were written by, is not easy to say; some think they were written by piecemeal by the prophets that lived in the several reigns successively, as Nathan, Ahijah the Shilonite, Iddo, Isaiah, and Jeremiah, and afterwards put together by an inspired writer. The Jews commonly say {a}, that Jeremiah wrote the book of the Kings, by which they mean this, and the following book; though very probably they were written by Ezra, since the history in them is carried down to the liberty granted to Jehoiachin in Babylon; but that Ezra was the writer of all the preceding historical books, and even of the Pentateuch, cannot be admitted, which is the conceit of Spinosa {b}; part of whose tract is just now republished by somebody, word for word, under a title as in the margin {c}; but that Ezra was not the writer of the Pentateuch is clear, since he refers to it as written by Moses, and as the rule of religion and worship in his times, Ezr 3:2-4, 6:18; and it is certain these writings were in being in the times of Josiah, Amaziah, Joash, yea, of David, and even of Joshua, \2Ch 34:14 25:4 23:18 1Ki 2:3 Jos 8:34\; and as for the book of Joshua, that also was written long before Ezra's time; it must be written long before the times of David, before the Jebusites were expelled from Jerusalem, since the writer of it says, that they dwelt there in his days, Jos 15:63; the book of Judges must be written before the times of Samuel and David, since the former refers to the annals of it, 1Sa 12:9,10; and the latter alludes to some passages in it, Ps 68:7,8; see Jud 5:4,5; and a speech of Joab's, 2Sa 11:21, shows it to be an history then extant: to which may be added, that in it Jerusalem is called Jebus, Jud 19:10,11; which it never was, after it was taken by David out of the hands of the Jebusites, 2Sa 5:6; the book of Ruth very probably was written by Samuel; had it been of a later date, or written by Ezra, the genealogy with which it concludes, would doubtless have been carried further than to David: the Book of Samuel, and particularly the song of Hannah in it, were written in all probability before the penning of the hundred thirteenth psalm, Ps 113:1-9, in which some expressions seem to be taken from it wherefore, though the two books of Kings may be allowed to be written or compiled by Ezra, the ten preceding ones cannot be assigned to him: however, there is no room to doubt of the divine authority of these two books, when the honour our Lord has done them is observed, by quoting or referring to several histories in them; as to the account of the queen of Sheba coming to hear the wisdom of Solomon; of the famine in the times of Elijah; and of that prophet being sent to the widow of Sarepta, and of the cleansing of Naaman the Syrian in the times of Elisha, Mt 12:42, Lu 4:25-28 from 1Ki 17:1-10 2Ki 5:10-14; to which may be added, the quotations and references made by the apostles to passages in them, as by the Apostle Paul in Ro 11:2-4 from 1Ki 19:14,18; where this book is expressly called the Scripture; and by the Apostle James, Jas 5:17,18; who manifestly refers to 1Ki 17:1-24; and there are various things in this part of Scripture, which are confirmed by the testimonies of Heathen writers, as will be observed in the exposition of it. The use of these books is to carry on the history of the Jewish nation, to show the state of the church of God in those times, and his providential care of it amidst all the changes and vicissitudes in the state; and, above all, to transmit to us the true genealogy of the Messiah, which serves to confirm the Evangelist Matthew's account of it.

{a} T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 15. 1. {b} Tractat. Theolog. Politic. c. 8. & 9. p. 150 {c} Tractatus de Primis 12. Vet. Test. Lib. &c. Londini 1763.

\\INTRODUCTION TO FIRST KINGS 1\\

This chapter gives an account of the infirmities of David in his old age, and the method used to relieve him under them, 1Ki 1:1-4; of the preparation his son Adonijah made to usurp the throne, 1Ki 1:5-10; of Bathsheba's address to the king upon it, in favour of her son Solomon, on which she was put by, Nathan the prophet, and seconded in it by him, 1Ki 1:11-27; when the king with an oath confirmed the succession of Solomon in the kingdom, and ordered Nathan the prophet, and Zadok the priest, to anoint him, which was accordingly done with great ceremony, to the satisfaction of the king and his servants, 1Ki 1:28-40; the news of which being brought to Adonijah and his friends, struck them with terror, and on which they dispersed, 1Ki 1:41-50; and upon the promise of Adonijah, that he would behave well to Solomon, he was pardoned and dismissed, having fled and lain hold on the horns of the altar, 1Ki 1:51-53.