Sāmǔĕrjìshàng 17

1 Fēilìshì rén zhāo jù tāmende jūn lǚ , yào lái zhēng zhàn . jùjí zaì shǔ Yóudà de Suōgē , ān yíng zaì Suōgē hé Yàxījiā zhōngjiān de Yǐfú dà mǐn .

2 Sǎoluó hé Yǐsèliè rén yĕ jùjí , zaì Yǐlā gǔ ān yíng , bǎi liè duì wǔ , yào yǔ Fēilìshì rén dǎzhàng .

3 Fēilìshì rén zhàn zaì zhèbiān shān shàng , Yǐsèliè rén zhàn zaì nàbiān shān shàng , dāngzhōng yǒu gǔ .

4 Cóng Fēilìshì yíng zhōng chūlai yī gè tǎo zhàn de rén , míng jiào gē Lìyà , shì Jiātè rén , shēn gāo liù zhǒu líng yī hǔkǒu .

5 Tóu daì tóng kuī , shēn chuān kǎijiǎ , jiǎ zhòng wǔ qiā Shĕkèlè .

6 Tuǐ shàng yǒu tóng hù xī , liǎng jiān zhī zhōng bēi fù tóng jǐ .

7 Qiāng gǎn cū rú zhī bù de jī zhóu , tiĕ qiāng tóu zhòng liù bǎi Shĕkèlè . yǒu yī gè ná dùnpái de rén zaì tā qiánmian zǒu .

8 Gē Lìyà duì zhe Yǐsèliè de jūnduì zhàn lì , hūjiào shuō , nǐmen chūlai bǎi liè duì wǔ zuò shénme ne . wǒ bú shì Fēilìshìrén ma . nǐmen bú shì Sǎoluó de púrén ma . kĕyǐ cóng nǐmen zhōngjiān jiǎnxuǎn yī rén , shǐ tā xià dào wǒ zhèlǐ lái .

9 Tā ruò néng yǔ wǒ zhàn dǒu , jiāng wǒ shā sǐ , wǒmen jiù zuò nǐmen de púrén . wǒ ruò shēng le tā , jiāng tā shā sǐ , nǐmen jiù zuò wǒmen de púrén , fúshì wǒmen .

10 Nà Fēilìshì rén yòu shuō , wǒ jīnrì xiàng Yǐsèliè rén de jūnduì mà zhèn . nǐmen jiào yī gèrén chūlai , yǔ wǒ zhàn dǒu .

11 Sǎoluó hé Yǐsèliè zhòngrén tīngjian Fēilìshì rén de zhèxie huà , jiù jīng huáng , jíqí haìpà .

12 Dàwèi shì Yóudà , Bólìhéng de Yǐfǎtā rén Yēxī de érzi . Yēxī yǒu bā gè érzi . dāng Sǎoluó de shíhou , Yēxī yǐjing lǎomaì .

13 Yēxī de sān gè dà érzi gēnsuí Sǎoluó chū zhēng . zhè chū zhēng de sān gè érzi , zhǎngzǐ míng jiào Yǐlì yē , cì zǐ míng jiào yà bǐ ná dá , sān zǐ míng jiào Shāmǎ .

14 Dàwèi shì zuì xiǎo de . nà sān gè dà érzi gēnsuí Sǎoluó .

15 Dàwèi yǒu shí líkāi Sǎoluó , huí Bólìhéng fàng tā fùqin de yáng .

16 Nà Fēilìshì rén zǎo wǎn dōu chūlai zhàn zhe , rúcǐ sì shí rì .

17 Yī rì , Yēxī duì tā érzi Dàwèi shuō , nǐ ná yī yīfǎ hōng le de suì zǐ hé shí gè bǐng , sù sù dì sòng dào yíng lǐ qù , jiāo gĕi nǐ gēge men .

18 Zaì ná zhè shí kuaì nǎi bǐng , sòng gĕi tāmende qiā fū zhǎng , qiĕ wèn nǐ gēge men hǎo , xiàng tāmen yào yī fēng xìn lái .

19 Sǎoluó yǔ Dàwèi de sān gè gēge hé Yǐsèliè zhòngrén , zaì Yǐlā gǔ yǔ Fēilìshì rén dǎzhàng .

20 Dàwèi zǎochen qǐlai , jiāng yáng jiāo tuō yī gè kānshǒu de rén , zhào zhe tā fùqin suǒ fēnfu de huà , daì zhe shíwù qù le . dào le zī zhòng yíng , jūn bīng gāng chū dào zhàn cháng , nà hǎn yào zhàn .

21 Yǐsèliè rén hé Fēilìshì rén dōu bǎi liè duì wǔ , bǐcǐ xiāngduì .

22 Dàwèi bǎ tā daì lái de shíwù liú zaì kānshǒu wùjiàn rén de shǒu xià , paó dào zhàn cháng , wèn tā gēge men ān .

23 Yǔ tāmen shuōhuà de shíhou , nà tǎo zhàn de , jiù shì shǔ Jiātè de Fēilìshì rén gē Lìyà , cóng Fēilìshì duì zhōng chūlai , shuō cóng qián suǒ shuō de huà . Dàwèi dōu tīngjian le .

24 Yǐsèliè zhòngrén kànjian nà rén , jiù taópǎo , jíqí haìpà .

25 Yǐsèliè rén bǐcǐ shuō , zhè shàng lái de rén nǐ kànjian le ma . tā shàng lái shì yào xiàng Yǐsèliè rén mà zhèn . ruò yǒu néng shā tāde , wáng bì shǎngcì tā dà cái , jiāng zìjǐ de nǚér gĕi tā wèi qī , bìng zaì Yǐsèliè rén zhōng miǎn tā fù jiā nà liáng dāng chāi .

26 Dàwèi wèn zhàn zaì pángbiān de rén shuō , yǒu rén shā zhè Fēilìshì rén , chúdiào Yǐsèliè rén de chǐ rǔ , zĕnyàng dāi tā ne . zhè wèi shòu gēlǐ de Fēilìshì rén shì shuí ne . jìnggǎn xiàng yǒngshēng shén de jūnduì mà zhèn ma .

27 Bǎixìng zhào xiānqián de huà huídá tā shuō , yǒu rén néng shā zhè Fēilìshì rén , bì rúcǐ rúcǐ dāi tā .

28 Dàwèi de zhǎng xiōng Yǐlì yē tīngjian Dàwèi yǔ tāmen suǒ shuō de huà , jiù xiàng tā fānù , shuō , nǐ xià lái zuò shénme ne . zaì kuàngyĕ de nà jǐ zhǐ yáng , nǐ jiāo tuō le shuí ne . wǒ zhīdào nǐde jiāoào hé nǐ xīnli de è yì , nǐ xià lái tè wéi yào kàn zhēng zhàn .

29 Dàwèi shuō , wǒ zuò le shénme ne . wǒ lái qǐ méiyǒu yuángù ma .

30 Dàwèi jiù líkāi tā zhuǎn xiàng biérén , zhào xiānqián de huà ér wèn . bǎixìng réng zhào xiānqián de huà huídá tā .

31 Yǒu rén tīngjian Dàwèi suǒ shuō de huà , jiù gàosu le Sǎoluó . Sǎoluó biàn dǎfa rén jiào tā lái .

32 Dàwèi duì Sǎoluó shuō , rén dōu bù bì yīn nà Fēilìshì rén dǎnqiè . nǐde púrén yào qù yǔ nà Fēilìshì rén zhàn dǒu .

33 Sǎoluó duì Dàwèi shuō , nǐ bùnéng qù yǔ nà Fēilìshì rén zhàn dǒu . yīnwei nǐ niánjì taì qīng , tā zì yòu jiù zuò zhànshì .

34 Dàwèi duì Sǎoluó shuō , nǐ púrén wèi fùqin fàng yáng , yǒu shí lái le shīzi , yǒu shí lái le xióng , cóng qún zhōng xián yī zhǐ yánggāo qù .

35 Wǒ jiù zhuīgǎn tā , jī dá tā , jiang yánggāo cóng tā kǒu zhōng jiù chūlai . tā qǐlai yào haì wǒ , wǒ jiù jiū zhe tā de hú zǐ , jiāng tā dá sǐ .

36 Nǐ púrén céng dá sǐ shīzi hé xióng , zhè wèi shòu gēlǐ de Fēilìshì rén xiàng yǒngshēng shén de jūnduì mà zhèn , yĕ bì xiàng shīzi hé xióng yìbān .

37 Dàwèi yòu shuō , Yēhéhuá jiù wǒ tuōlí shīzi hé xióng de zhuǎ , yĕ bì jiù wǒ tuōlí zhè Fēilìshì rén de shǒu . Sǎoluó duì Dàwèi shuō , nǐ kĕyǐ qù ba . Yēhéhuá bì yǔ nǐ tóng zaì .

38 Sǎoluó jiù bǎ zìjǐ de zhàn yǐ gĕiDàwèi chuān shàng , jiāng tóng kuī gĕi tā daì shàng , yòu gĕi tā chuān shàng kǎijiǎ .

39 Dàwèi bǎ dāo kuà zaì zhàn yǐ waì , shì shì néng zǒu bùnéng zǒu . yīnwei sùlái méiyǒu chuān guàn , jiù duì Sǎoluó shuō , wǒ chuāndaì zhèxie bùnéng zǒu , yīnwei sùlái méiyǒu chuān guàn . yúshì zhāi tuō le .

40 Tā shǒu zhōng ná zhàng , yòu zaì xī zhōng tiānxuǎn le wǔ kuaì guānghuá dàn/shí zǐ , fàng zaì daì lǐ , jiù shì mùrén daì de náng lǐ . shǒu zhōng ná zhe shuǎi shí de jī xián , jiù qù yíng nà Fēilìshì rén .

41 Fēilìshì rén yĕ jiànjiàn dì yíng zhaó Dàwèi lái , ná dùnpái de zǒu zaì qiántou .

42 Fēilìshì rén guānkàn , jiàn le Dàwèi , jiù miǎoshì tā . yīnwei tā niánqīng , miàn sè guāng hóng , róngmào jùnmĕi .

43 Fēilìshì rén duì Dàwèi shuō , nǐ ná zhàng dào wǒ zhèlǐ lái , wǒ qǐ shì gǒu ne . Fēilìshì rén jiù zhǐ zhe zìjǐ de shén zhòuzǔ Dàwèi .

44 Fēilìshì rén yòu duì Dàwèi shuō , lái ba . wǒ jiāng nǐde ròu gĕi kōng zhōng de fēiniǎo , tiānyĕ de zǒushòu chī .

45 Dàwèi duì Fēilìshì rén shuō , nǐ lái gōngjī wǒ , shì kào zhe dāo qiāng hé tóng jǐ . wǒ lái gōngjī nǐ , shì kào zhe wàn jūn zhī Yēhéhuá de míng , jiù shì nǐ suǒ nù mà daìlǐng Yǐsèliè jūnduì de shén .

46 Jīnrì Yēhéhuá bìjiāng nǐ jiāo zaì wǒ shǒu lǐ . wǒ bì shā nǐ , zhǎn nǐde tóu , yòu jiāng Fēilìshì jūn bīng de shī shǒu gĕi kōng zhong de fēiniǎo , dì shàng de yĕshòu chī , shǐ pǔ tiān xià de rén dōu zhīdào Yǐsèliè zhōng yǒu shén .

47 Yòu shǐ zhè zhòngrén zhīdào Yēhéhuá shǐ rén déshèng , bú shì yòng dāo yòng qiāng , yīnwei zhēng zhàn de shēng baì quán zaìhu Yēhéhuá . tā bìjiāng nǐmen jiāo zaì wǒmen shǒu lǐ .

48 Fēilìshì rén qǐshēn , yíng zhe Dàwèi qián lái . Dàwèi jímáng yíng zhe Fēilìshì rén , wǎng zhàn cháng paó qù .

49 Dàwèi yòng shǒu cóng náng zhōng tāo chū yī kuaì shí zǐ lái , yòng jī xián shuǎi qù , dá zhōng Fēilìshì rén de é , shí zǐ jìnrù é neì , tā jiù pú dǎo , miàn fú yú dì .

50 Zhèyàng , Dàwèi yòng jī xián shuǎi shí , shēng le nà Fēilìshì rén , dá sǐ tā . Dàwèi shǒu zhōng què méiyǒu dāo .

51 Dàwèi paó qù , zhàn zaì Fēilìshì rénshēn páng , jiāng tāde dāo cóng qiào zhōng bá chūlai , shā sǐ tā , gē le tāde tóu . Fēilìshì zhòngrén kànjian tāmen tǎo zhàn de yǒng shì sǐ le , jiù dōu taópǎo .

52 Yǐsèliè rén hé Yóudà rén biàn qǐshēn nà hǎn , zhuīgǎn Fēilìshì rén , zhídào Jiātè ( huò zuò gāi ) hé Yǐgélún de chéng mén . beì shā de Fēilìshì rén dǎo zaì Shālā yīn de lù shàng , zhídào Jiātè hé Yǐgélún .

53 Yǐsèliè rén zhuīgǎn Fēilìshì rén huí lái , jiù duó le tāmende yíng pán .

54 Dàwèi jiāng nà Fēilìshì rén de tóu ná dào Yēlùsǎlĕng , què jiāng tā jūn zhuāng fàng zaì zìjǐ de zhàngpéng lǐ .

55 Sǎoluó kànjian Dàwèi qù gōngjī Fēilìshì rén , jiù wèn yuán shuaì Níér shuō , Níér a , nà shàonián rén shì shuí de érzi . Níér shuō , wǒ gǎn zaì wáng miànqián qǐshì , wǒ bù zhīdào .

56 Wáng shuō , nǐ kĕyǐ wèn wèn nà yòunián rén shì shuí de érzi .

57 Dàwèi dá sǐ Fēilìshì rén huí lái , Níér lǐng tā dào Sǎoluó miànqián , tā shǒu zhōng ná zhe Fēilìshì rén de tóu .

58 Sǎoluó wèn tā shuō , shàonián rén nǎ , nǐ shì shuí de érzi . Dàwèi shuō , wǒ shì nǐ púrén Bólìhéng rén Yēxī de érzi .

Sāmǔĕrjìshàng 17 Commentary

Chapter 17

Goliath's challenge. (1-11) David comes to the camp. (12-30) David undertakes to fight Goliath. (31-39) and goes to meet him. (40-47) He kills Goliath. (48-58)

Verses 1-11 Men so entirely depend upon God in all things, that when he withdraws his help, the most valiant and resolute cannot find their hearts or hands, as daily experience shows.

Verses 12-30 Jesse little thought of sending his son to the army at that critical juncture; but the wise God orders actions and affairs, so as to serve his designs. In times of general formality and lukewarmness, every degree of zeal which implies readiness to go further, or to venture more in the cause of God than others, will be blamed as pride and ambition, and by none more than by near relations, like Eliab, or negligent superiors. It was a trial of David's meekness, patience, and constancy. He had right and reason on his side, and did not render railing for railing; with a soft answer he turned away his brother's wrath. This conquest of his own passion was more honourable than that of Goliath. Those who undertake great and public services, must not think it strange if they are spoken ill of, and opposed by those from whom they expect support and assistance. They must humbly go on with their work, in the face not only of enemies' threats, but of friends' slights and suspicions.

Verses 31-39 A shepherd lad, come the same morning from keeping sheep, had more courage than all the mighty men of Israel. Thus God often sends good words to his Israel, and does great things for them, by the weak and foolish things of the world. As he had answered his brother's passion with meekness, so David answered Saul's fear with faith. When David kept sheep, he proved himself very careful and tender of his flock. This reminds us of Christ, the good Shepherd, who not only ventured, but laid down his life for the sheep. Our experience ought to encourage us to trust in God, and be bold in the way of duty. He that has delivered, does and will continue to do so. David gained leave to fight the Philistine. Not being used to such armour as Saul put upon him, he was not satisfied to go in that manner; this was from the Lord, that it might more plainly appear he fought and conquered in faith, and that the victory was from Him who works by the feeblest and most despised means and instruments. It is not to be inquired how excellent any thing is, but how proper. Let Saul's coat be ever so rich, and his armour ever so strong, what is David the better if they fit him not? But faith, prayer, truth, and righteousness; the whole armour of God, and the mind that was in Christ; are equally needful for all the servants of the Lord, whatever may be their work.

Verses 40-47 The security and presumption of fools destroy them. Nothing can excel the humility, faith, and piety which appear in David's words. He expressed his assured expectation of success; he gloried in his mean appearance and arms, that the victory might be ascribed to the Lord alone.

Verses 48-58 See how frail and uncertain life is, even when a man thinks himself best fortified; how quickly, how easily, and by how small a matter, the passage may be opened for life to go out, and death to enter! Let not the strong man glory in his strength, nor the armed man in his armour. God resists the proud, and pours contempt on those who defy him and his people. No one ever hardened his heart against God and prospered. The history is recorded, that all may exert themselves for the honour of God, and the support of his cause, with bold and unshaken reliance on him. There is one conflict in which all the followers of the Lamb are, and must be engaged; one enemy, more formidable than Goliath, still challenges the armies of Israel. But "resist the devil, and he will flee from you." Go forth to battle with the faith of David, and the powers of darkness shall not stand against you. But how often is the Christian foiled through an evil heart of unbelief!

Chapter Summary

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 17

This chapter relates how the armies of Israel, and of the Philistines, prepared for battle, and where, 1Sa 17:1-3, describes a champion of the Philistines, who defied the armies of Israel, 1Sa 17:4-11, and while he was so doing, it informs us that David came into the camp, and he heard his words, and signified to one and another his inclination to fight with him, 1Sa 17:12-30, which being reported to Saul, David was sent for by him, and much discourse passed between them about it, 1Sa 17:31-37 when we are told the manner in which he engaged with the Philistine, and the victory he obtained over him, 1Sa 17:38-51 upon which the Philistines fled, and Israel pursued them; and on account of this action David was taken notice of by Saul, and brought to court again, as the following chapter shows, 1Sa 17:52-58.